Geologic Time Scale: Jurassic Period

(201.3 to 145 million years ago)

The Jurassic Period constitutes the middle period of the Mesozoic Era and is named after the Jura Mountains, where limestone strata (layers) from the period from the period were first identified. The Jurassic Period starts with the major Triassic-Jurassic extinction event and the supercontinent Pangaea had began rifting in two land masses: Laurasia (North America, Europe, and Asia) to the north and Gondwana (South America, Africa, India, Australia, Anartica, and Madagascar) to the south.

The first true crabs, rays, frogs, salamanders, lizards, crocodiles, and birds appear in the Jurassic Period. Crocodylomorphs made the transition from a terrestial to an aquatic life. The Oceans were inhabited by marine reptiles such as ichthyosaurs and plesiosaurs, while pterosaurs were the dominant flying vertebrates.

Tithonian Age/Stage

Late Jurassic: 152.1 to 145.0 million years ago

The Tithonian Stage was the last stage of the late or upper Jurassic Period. named in 1865 by German stratigrapher Albert Oppel after the Greek mythological figure Tithonus, son of Laomedon of Troy and fell in love with Eos Greek goddess of dawn. The Tithonian is in contact with the dawn of Cretaceous.

North American Tithonian Stage Late Jurassic: 152.1 to 145.0 million years ago

Genus: Allosaurus “Different lizard”
Classification: Family: Allosauridae
Time: Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian to Tithonian)
Locality: USA, Portugal, possibly Tanzania
Size: 8.5 to 12 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Ceratosaurus “Horned lizard”
Classification: Family: Ceratosauridae
Time: Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian to Tithonian)
Locality: USA, Morrison Formation, Portugal. Tanzania.
Size: 6 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
 
Genus: Stegosaurus “Roof lizaed”
Classification: Family: Stegosauridae – Subfamily: Stegosaurinae
Time: Jurassic (Kimmeridgian to Tithonian)
Locality: USA: Colorado, Montana, Oklahoma, Utah, Wyoming, mostly associated with the Morrison Formation. Portugal – Alcobaça Formation.
Size: 7 to 9 meters long
Diet: Herbivore
Genus: Camptosaurus “Bend lizard”
Classification: Family Camptosauridae
Time: Jurassic (Callovian to Tithonian)
Locality: USA, Europe
Size: 6 meters long
Diet: Herbivore
Genus: Dryosaurus “Oak lizard”
Classification: Family Dryosauridae
Time: Late Jurassic (Oxfordian to Tithonian)
Locality: USA, Morison Formation
Size: 2.4 to 4.3 meters long
Diet: Herbivore
Genus: Apatosaurus “deceptive lizard”
Classification: Family: Diplodocidae – Tribe: Apatosaurinae
Time: Jurassic (Kimmeridgian to early Tithonian)
Locality: USA,‭ ‬Colorado,‭ ‬Oklahoma,‭ ‬Utah and Wyoming
Size: 20 to 23 meters long
Diet: Herbivore
 
Genus: Brontosaurus “thunder lizard”
Classification: Family: Diplodocidae – Tribe: Apatosaurinae
Time: Jurassic (Kimmeridgian to Tithonian)
Locality: USA‭ ‬-‭ ‬Morrison Formation deposits in Wyoming and Utah
Size: 21 to 22 meters long
Diet: Herbivore
Genus: Diplodocus “double beam”
Classification: Family: Diplodocidae – Tribe: Diplodocinae
Time: Jurassic (Kimmeridgian to Tithonian)
Locality: USA,‭ ‬Colorado,‭ ‬Montana,‭ ‬Utah,‭ ‬Wyoming‭ ‬-‭ ‬Morrison Formation.
Size: up to 33 meters long
Diet: Herbivore
 
Genus: Brachiosaurus “arm lizard”
Classification: Clade: Titanosauriformes – Family: Brachiosauridae
Time: Jurassic (Kimmeridgian to Tithonian)
Locality: USA,‭ Morrison Formation
Size: 26 meters long
Diet: Herbivore
Genus: Camarasaurus “Chambered lizard”
Classification: Clade: Camarasauromorpha
Time: Jurassic (Oxfordian to Tithonian)
Locality: USA,‭ ‬Wyoming,‭ ‬New Mexico,‭ ‬Colorado‭ & ‬Utah‭ ‬-‭ ‬Morrison Formation
Size: 15 to 23 meters long
Diet: Herbivore
 

European Tithonian Stage Late Jurassic: 152.1 to 145.0 million years ago

Genus: Belemnitina
Common name: “Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Name: Leedsichthys “Leed’s fish”
Classification: Class: Actinopterygii – Order: Pachycormiformes – Family: Pachycormidae
Diet: Filter feeder
Size: 16 meters long
Known locations: England, France, Germany, Chile
Time period: Jurassic (Callovian to Tithonian)
Genus: Liopleurodon ‭ “Smooth sided teeth‭”
Classification: Order: ‬Plesiosauria – Family: Pliosauridae
Size: 6.39 meters long
Known locations: England, France and Germany
Time period: Late Jurassic (Callovian to Tithonian)
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Pliosaurus ‭”More lizard‭”
Classification: Order: ‬Plesiosauria – Family: Pliosauridae
Size: Some species up to‭ ‬10‭ ‬meters long, with‭ ‬skulls approximately‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Known locations: England‭; ‬Kimmeridge Clay Formation, and Norway; Svalbard, Spitsbergen
Time period: Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian to Tithonian)
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Plesiosuchus  “near crocodile”
Classification: Suborder: Thalattosuchia, Family: Metriorhynchidae
Time: Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian to Tithonian)
Locality: England‭ ‬-‭ ‬Kimmeridge Clay Formation
Size: 5.2 to 6.83 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
 
Genus: Dakosaurus “tearing lizard/biter lizard”
Classification: Suborder: Thalattosuchia, Family: Metriorhynchidae
Time: Jurassic (Oxfordian) to Early Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Locality: Europe,‭ ‬North America,‭ ‬South America,‭ ‬Russia
Size: 4 to 5 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Archaeopteryx “Ancient wing”
Classification: Family: Archaeopterygidae
Time: Jurassic (Tithonian)
Locality: Germany
Size: 50 centimeters long
Diet: Carnivore/Insectivore
 
Genus: Compsognathus “Pretty jaw”
Classification: Family: Compsognathidae
Time: Jurassic (Tithonian)
Locality: Germany, France, Possibly Portugal
Size: 125 centimeters long
Diet: Carnivore
 
Genus: Ceratosaurus “Horned lizard”
Classification: Family: Ceratosauridae
Time: Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian to Tithonian)
Locality: USA, Morrison Formation, Portugal. Tanzania.
Size: 6 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
 
Genus: Lourinhanosaurus “Lourinha lizard”
Classification: Family: Sinraptoridae
Time: Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian to Tithonian)
Locality: Portugal – Lourinha Formation
Size: 4.5-8 meters long
Diet: Carnivore

 

Genus: Miragaia “Named after the location of its discovery”
Classification: Family: Stegosauridae – Subfamily: Dacentrurinae
Time: Jurassic (Kimmeridgian to Tithonian)
Locality: Portugal – Sobral Formation
Size: 5.5 to 6 meters long
Diet: Herbivore
Genus: Stegosaurus “Roof lizaed”
Classification: Family: Stegosauridae – Subfamily: Stegosaurinae
Time: Jurassic (Kimmeridgian to Tithonian)
Locality: USA: Colorado, Montana, Oklahoma, Utah, Wyoming, mostly associated with the Morrison Formation. Portugal – Alcobaça Formation.
Size: 7 to 9 meters long
Diet: Herbivore
Name: Pterodactylus “wing finger”
Classification: Suborder: Pterodactyloidea
Time: Jurassic (Early Tithonian)
Locality: Africa, Europe
Size: Up to 1.5 m wingspan
Diet: Insectivore/Piscivore

African Tithonian Stage Late Jurassic: 152.1 to 145.0 million years ago

Genus: Belemnitina
Common name: “Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Elaphrosaurus ‬Lightweight lizard
Classification: Family: Noasauridae
Time: Jurassic (Kimmeridgian to Tithonian)
Locality: Tanzania‭ ‬-‭ ‬Tendaguru Formation
Size: 6.2 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Ceratosaurus “Horned lizard”
Classification: Family: Ceratosauridae
Time: Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian to Tithonian)
Locality: USA, Morrison Formation, Portugal. Tanzania.
Size: 6 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
 
Name: Pterodactylus “wing finger”
Classification: Suborder: Pterodactyloidea
Time: Jurassic (Early Tithonian)
Locality: Africa, Europe
Size: Up to 1.5 m wingspan
Diet: Insectivore/Piscivore

Asian Tithonian Stage Late Jurassic: 152.1 to 145.0 million years ago

Genus: Belemnitina
Common name: “Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Dakosaurus “tearing lizard/biter lizard”
Classification: Suborder: Thalattosuchia, Family: Metriorhynchidae
Time: Jurassic (Oxfordian) to Early Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Locality: Europe,‭ ‬North America,‭ ‬South America,‭ ‬Russia
Size: 4 to 5 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Mamenchisaurus Mamenxi lizard
Classification: Family: Mamanchisauridae
Time: Jurassic (Oxfordian to Tithonian)
Locality: China
Size: 35 meters long
Diet: Herbivore
 

South American Tithonian Stage Late Jurassic: 152.1 to 145.0 million years ago

Genus: Belemnitina
Common name: “Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Name: Leedsichthys “Leed’s fish”
Classification: Class: Actinopterygii – Order: Pachycormiformes – Family: Pachycormidae
Diet: Filter feeder
Size: 16 meters long
Known locations: England, France, Germany, Chile
Time period: Jurassic (Callovian to Tithonian)
Genus: Dakosaurus “tearing lizard/biter lizard”
Classification: Suborder: Thalattosuchia, Family: Metriorhynchidae
Time: Jurassic (Oxfordian) to Early Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Locality: Europe,‭ ‬North America,‭ ‬South America,‭ ‬Russia
Size: 4 to 5 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Chilesaurus “Chile lizard”
Classification: Unsure?
Time: Jurassic (Tithonian)
Locality: Chile – Togui Formation
Size: 3.2 meters long
Diet: Herbivore
 

Kimmeridgian Age/Stage

Late Jurassic: 157.3 to 152.1 million years ago

The Kimmeridgian Stage was named in 1842 by French geologist Alcide d’Orbigny after the village of Kimmeridge on the Dorset coast in England.

North American Kimmeridgian Stage Late Jurassic: 157.3 to 152.1 million years ago

Genus: Belemnitina
Common name:“Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Dakosaurus “tearing lizard/biter lizard”
Classification: Suborder: Thalattosuchia, Family: Metriorhynchidae
Time: Jurassic (Oxfordian) to Early Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Locality: Europe,‭ ‬North America,‭ ‬South America,‭ ‬Russia
Size: 4 to 5 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Stegosaurus “Roof lizaed”
Classification: Family: Stegosauridae – Subfamily: Stegosaurinae
Time: Jurassic (Kimmeridgian to Tithonian)
Locality: USA: Colorado, Montana, Oklahoma, Utah, Wyoming, mostly associated with the Morrison Formation. Portugal – Alcobaça Formation.
Size: 7 to 9 meters long
Diet: Herbivore
Genus: Ceratosaurus “Horned lizard”
Classification: Family: Ceratosauridae
Time: Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian to Tithonian)
Locality: USA, Morrison Formation, Portugal. Tanzania.
Size: 6 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
 
Genus: Allosaurus “Different lizard”
Classification: Family: Allosauridae
Time: Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian to Tithonian)
Locality: USA, Portugal, possibly Tanzania
Size: 8.5 to 12 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Saurophaganax “Lizard-eating master”
Classification: Family: Allosauridae
Time: Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian)
Locality: USA, Oklahoma – Morrison Formation. Possbily New Mexico as well
Size: 13 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Coelurus “Hollow tail”
Classification: Family: Coeluridae
Time: Jurassic (Kimmeridgian)
Locality: USA, Wyoming – Morrison Formation
Size: 2.4 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
 
Genus: Ornitholestes “Bird robber”
Classification: Subfamily: Ornitholestinae
Time: Jurassic (Kimmeridgian)
Locality: USA, Morrison Formation
Size: 2 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
 
Genus: Apatosaurus “deceptive lizard”
Classification: Family: Diplodocidae – Tribe: Apatosaurinae
Time: Jurassic (Kimmeridgian to early Tithonian)
Locality: USA,‭ ‬Colorado,‭ ‬Oklahoma,‭ ‬Utah and Wyoming
Size: 20 to 23 meters long
Diet: Herbivore
 
Genus: Brontosaurus “thunder lizard”
Classification: Family: Diplodocidae – Tribe: Apatosaurinae
Time: Jurassic (Kimmeridgian to Tithonian)
Locality: USA‭ ‬-‭ ‬Morrison Formation deposits in Wyoming and Utah
Size: 21 to 22 meters long
Diet: Herbivore
Genus: Diplodocus “double beam”
Classification: Family: Diplodocidae – Tribe: Diplodocinae
Time: Jurassic (Kimmeridgian to Tithonian)
Locality: USA,‭ ‬Colorado,‭ ‬Montana,‭ ‬Utah,‭ ‬Wyoming‭ ‬-‭ ‬Morrison Formation.
Size: up to 33 meters long
Diet: Herbivore
 
Genus: Brachiosaurus “arm lizard”
Classification: Clade: Titanosauriformes – Family: Brachiosauridae
Time: Jurassic (Kimmeridgian to Tithonian)
Locality: USA,‭ Morrison Formation
Size: 26 meters long
Diet: Herbivore
Genus: Camarasaurus “Chambered lizard”
Classification: Clade: Camarasauromorpha
Time: Jurassic (Oxfordian to Tithonian)
Locality: USA,‭ ‬Wyoming,‭ ‬New Mexico,‭ ‬Colorado‭ & ‬Utah‭ ‬-‭ ‬Morrison Formation
Size: 15 to 23 meters long
Diet: Herbivore
 
Genus: Dryosaurus “Oak lizard”
Classification: Family Dryosauridae
Time: Late Jurassic (Oxfordian to Tithonian)
Locality: USA, Morison Formation
Size: 2.4 to 4.3 meters long
Diet: Herbivore
Genus: Camptosaurus “Bend lizard”
Classification: Family Camptosauridae
Time: Jurassic (Callovian to Tithonian)
Locality: USA, Europe
Size: 6 meters long
Diet: Herbivore

European Kimmeridgian Stage Late Jurassic: 157.3 to 152.1 million years ago

Genus: Belemnitina
Common name: “Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Name: Leedsichthys “Leed’s fish”
Classification: Class: Actinopterygii – Order: Pachycormiformes – Family: Pachycormidae
Diet: Filter feeder
Size: 16 meters long
Known locations: England, France, Germany, Chile
Time period: Jurassic (Callovian to Tithonian)
Name: Rhamphorhynchus “beak snout”
CLassification: Family: Rhamphorhynchidae
Time: Jurassic (Oxfordian to Kimmeridgian)
Locality: Germany, Portugal, Tanzania
Size: 1.81 m wingspan, 1.26 m long including tail
Diet: Insectivore/Piscivore
Genus: Plesiosuchus  “near crocodile”
Classification: Suborder: Thalattosuchia, Family: Metriorhynchidae
Time: Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian to Tithonian)
Locality: England‭ ‬-‭ ‬Kimmeridge Clay Formation
Size: 5.2 to 6.83 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
 
Genus: Metriorhynchus  moderate snout
Classification: Suborder: Thalattosuchia, Family: Metriorhynchidae
Time: Jurassic (Callovian to Kimmeridgian)
Locality: Europe
Size: 3 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Dakosaurus “tearing lizard/biter lizard”
Classification: Suborder: Thalattosuchia, Family: Metriorhynchidae
Time: Jurassic (Oxfordian) to Early Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Locality: Europe,‭ ‬North America,‭ ‬South America,‭ ‬Russia
Size: 4 to 5 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Pliosaurus ‭”More lizard‭”
Classification: Order: ‬Plesiosauria – Family: Pliosauridae
Size: Some species up to‭ ‬10‭ ‬meters long, with‭ ‬skulls approximately‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Known locations: England‭; ‬Kimmeridge Clay Formation, and Norway; Svalbard, Spitsbergen
Time period: Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian to Tithonian)
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Liopleurodon ‭ “Smooth sided teeth‭”
Classification: Order: ‬Plesiosauria – Family: Pliosauridae
Size: 6.39 meters long
Known locations: England, France and Germany
Time period: Late Jurassic (Callovian to Tithonian)
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Lourinhanosaurus “Lourinha lizard”
Classification: Family: Sinraptoridae
Time: Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian to Tithonian)
Locality: Portugal – Lourinha Formation
Size: 4.5-8 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Ceratosaurus “Horned lizard”
Classification: Family: Ceratosauridae
Time: Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian to Tithonian)
Locality: USA, Morrison Formation, Portugal. Tanzania.
Size: 6 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
 
Genus: Miragaia “Named after the location of its discovery”
Classification: Family: Stegosauridae – Subfamily: Dacentrurinae
Time: Jurassic (Kimmeridgian to Tithonian)
Locality: Portugal – Sobral Formation
Size: 5.5 to 6 meters long
Diet: Herbivore
Genus: Stegosaurus “Roof lizaed”
Classification: Family: Stegosauridae – Subfamily: Stegosaurinae
Time: Jurassic (Kimmeridgian to Tithonian)
Locality: USA: Colorado, Montana, Oklahoma, Utah, Wyoming, mostly associated with the Morrison Formation. Portugal – Alcobaça Formation.
Size: 7 to 9 meters long
Diet: Herbivore
Genus: Dacentrurus “Very sharp tail”
Classification: Family: Stegosauridae – Subfamily: Dacentrurinae
Time: Jurassic (Kimmeridgian)
Locality: England‭, France, Portugal and Spain
Size: 7 to 8 meters long
Diet: Herbivore
Genus: Sciurumimus “squirrel mimic”
Classification: Family Megalosauridae
Time: Jurassic (Kimmeridgian)
Locality: Germany – Rygol Quarry
Size: 70‭ ‬centimetres long for the holotype,‭ ‬but this is of a juvenile,‭ ‬adults would have grown bigger
Diet: Carnivore/Insectivore?
 
Genus: Europasaurus “European lizard”
Classification: Clade: Camarasauromorpha
Time: Jurassic (Kimmeridgian)
Locality: Germany
Size: 6.2 to 10 meters long
Diet: Herbivore
 

African Kimmeridgian Stage Late Jurassic: 157.3 to 152.1 million years ago

Genus: Belemnitina
Common name:“Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Ceratosaurus “Horned lizard”
Classification: Family: Ceratosauridae
Time: Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian to Tithonian)
Locality: USA, Morrison Formation, Portugal. Tanzania.
Size: 6 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
 
Genus: Elaphrosaurus ‬Lightweight lizard
Classification: Family: Noasauridae
Time: Jurassic (Kimmeridgian to Tithonian)
Locality: Tanzania‭ ‬-‭ ‬Tendaguru Formation
Size: 6.2 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Kentrosaurus “spike lizard”
Classification: Clade: Stegosauria – Family: Stegosauridae
Time: Jurassic (Kimmeridgian)
Locality: Africa: Tanzania – Tendaguru Formation
Size: 4.5 meters long
Diet: Herbivore
Name: Rhamphorhynchus “beak snout”
CLassification: Family: Rhamphorhynchidae
Time: Jurassic (Oxfordian to Kimmeridgian)
Locality: Germany, Portugal, Tanzania
Size: 1.81 m wingspan, 1.26 m long including tail
Diet: Insectivore/Piscivore

Asian Kimmeridgian Stage Late Jurassic: 157.3 to 152.1 million years ago

Genus: Belemnitina
Common name: “Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Dakosaurus “tearing lizard/biter lizard”
Classification: Suborder: Thalattosuchia, Family: Metriorhynchidae
Time: Jurassic (Oxfordian) to Early Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Locality: Europe,‭ ‬North America,‭ ‬South America,‭ ‬Russia
Size: 4 to 5 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Mamenchisaurus Mamenxi lizard
Classification: Family: Mamanchisauridae
Time: Jurassic (Oxfordian to Tithonian)
Locality: China
Size: 35 meters long
Diet: Herbivore
 

South American Kimmeridgian Stage Late Jurassic: 157.3 to 152.1 million years ago

Genus: Belemnitina
Common name: “Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Name: Leedsichthys “Leed’s fish”
Classification: Class: Actinopterygii – Order: Pachycormiformes – Family: Pachycormidae
Diet: Filter feeder
Size: 16 meters long
Known locations: England, France, Germany, Chile
Time period: Jurassic (Callovian to Tithonian)
Genus: Dakosaurus “tearing lizard/biter lizard”
Classification: Suborder: Thalattosuchia, Family: Metriorhynchidae
Time: Jurassic (Oxfordian) to Early Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Locality: Europe,‭ ‬North America,‭ ‬South America,‭ ‬Russia
Size: 4 to 5 meters long
Diet: Carnivore

Oxfordian Age/Stage

Late Jurassic: 163.5 to 157.3 million years ago

The Oxfordian Stage was the beginning of the Late or Upper Jurassic Period. It was named in 1844 by Alcide d’Orbigny after the English city of Oxford. William Buckland called it “Oxford, Forest or Fen Clay”. Before that William “Strata” Smith called it “Clunch Clay and Shale” in 1815 to 1816.

China Oxfordian Stage Late Jurassic: 163.5 to 157.3 million years ago

Genus: Belemnitina
Common name: “Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Dakosaurus “tearing lizard/biter lizard”
Classification: Suborder: Thalattosuchia, Family: Metriorhynchidae
Time: Jurassic (Oxfordian) to Early Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Locality: Europe,‭ ‬North America,‭ ‬South America,‭ ‬Russia
Size: 4 to 5 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Guanlong “Crown dragon”
Classification: Family: Proceratosauridae
Time: Jurassic (Oxfordian)
Locality: China – Shishugou Formation
Size: 3 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
 
Genus: Sinraptor “Chinese thief”
Classification: Family: Sinraptoridae
Time: Late Jurassic
Locality: China – Shishugou Formation
Size: 7.6 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
 
Genus: Mamenchisaurus Mamenxi lizard
Classification: Family: Mamanchisauridae
Time: Jurassic (Oxfordian to Tithonian)
Locality: China
Size: 35 meters long
Diet: Herbivore
Genus: Gigantspinosaurus “giant-spined lizard”
Classification: Clade: Stegosauria
Time: Jurassic (Oxfordian)
Locality: China,‭ ‬Sichuan Province‭ ‬-‭ ‬Shaximiao Formation
Size: 4.2 meters long
Diet: Herbivore
Genus: Chialingosaurus “Chialing lizard after the Chialing River”
Classification: Suborder: Stegosauria – Family: Stegosauridae
Time: Jurassic (Oxfordian)
Locality: China‭ ‬-‭ ‬Sichuan Province‭ ‬-‭ ‬Dashanpu/Upper Shaximiao Formation.
Size: 4 meters long
Diet: Herbivore

European Oxfordian Stage Late Jurassic: 163.5 to 157.3 million years ago

Genus: Belemnitina
Common name: “Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Name: Leedsichthys “Leed’s fish”
Classification: Class: Actinopterygii – Order: Pachycormiformes – Family: Pachycormidae
Diet: Filter feeder
Size: 16 meters long
Known locations: England, France, Germany, Chile
Time period: Jurassic (Callovian to Tithonian)
Genus: Liopleurodon ‭ “Smooth sided teeth‭”
Classification: Order: ‬Plesiosauria – Family: Pliosauridae
Size: 6.39 meters long
Known locations: England, France and Germany
Time period: Late Jurassic (Callovian to Tithonian)
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Metriorhynchus  moderate snout
Classification: Suborder: Thalattosuchia, Family: Metriorhynchidae
Time: Jurassic (Callovian to Kimmeridgian)
Locality: Europe
Size: 3 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Dakosaurus “tearing lizard/biter lizard”
Classification: Suborder: Thalattosuchia, Family: Metriorhynchidae
Time: Jurassic (Oxfordian) to Early Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Locality: Europe,‭ ‬North America,‭ ‬South America,‭ ‬Russia
Size: 4 to 5 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Metriacanthosaurus “Moderately spined lizards”
Classification: Family: Metriacanthosauridae
Time: Middle Jurassic (Oxfordian)
Locality: England – Oxford Clay
Size: 6 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Lexovisaurus “Lexovii lizaed”
Classification: Family: Stegosauridae – Subfamily: Stegosaurinae
Time: Mid to Late Jurassic
Locality: England‭ ‬-‭ ‬Oxford Clay Formation.‭ ‬Possibly France and Germany
Size: 5 to 6 meters long
Diet: Herbivore

North American Oxfordian Stage Late Jurassic: 163.5 to 157.3 million years ago

Genus: Belemnitina
Common name: “Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Dakosaurus “tearing lizard/biter lizard”
Classification: Suborder: Thalattosuchia, Family: Metriorhynchidae
Time: Jurassic (Oxfordian) to Early Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Locality: Europe,‭ ‬North America,‭ ‬South America,‭ ‬Russia
Size: 4 to 5 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Camptosaurus “Bend lizard”
Classification: Family Camptosauridae
Time: Jurassic (Callovian to Tithonian)
Locality: USA, Europe
Size: 6 meters long
Diet: Herbivore
Genus: Dryosaurus “Oak lizard”
Classification: Family Dryosauridae
Time: Late Jurassic (Oxfordian to Tithonian)
Locality: USA, Morison Formation
Size: 2.4 to 4.3 meters long
Diet: Herbivore

South American Oxfordian Stage Late Jurassic: 163.5 to 157.3 million years ago

Genus: Belemnitina
Common name: “Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Name: Leedsichthys “Leed’s fish”
Classification: Class: Actinopterygii – Order: Pachycormiformes – Family: Pachycormidae
Diet: Filter feeder
Size: 16 meters long
Known locations: England, France, Germany, Chile
Time period: Jurassic (Callovian to Tithonian)
Genus: Dakosaurus “tearing lizard/biter lizard”
Classification: Suborder: Thalattosuchia, Family: Metriorhynchidae
Time: Jurassic (Oxfordian) to Early Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Locality: Europe,‭ ‬North America,‭ ‬South America,‭ ‬Russia
Size: 4 to 5 meters long
Diet: Carnivore

African Oxfordian Stage Late Jurassic: 163.5 to 157.3 million years ago

Genus: Belemnitina
Common name: “Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Jobaria ‭(‬Jobar‭ ‬-‭ ‬after a creature in African mythology‭)‬.
Classification: Clade: Sauropoda
Time: Jurassic (Bathonian to Oxfordian) – Tiouraren formation. Initially considered to be of the early Cretaceous (Hauterivian to Barremian).
Locality: Niger,‭ ‬Abaka -‭ ‬Tiouraren Formation.
Size: About 21 meters long
Diet: Herbivore
 

Australian Oxfordian Stage Late Jurassic: 163.5 to 157.3 million years ago

Genus: Belemnitina
Common name: “Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Rhoetosaurus “Rhoetos lizard”
Classification: Clade: Sauropoda
Time: Jurassic (Oxfordian)
Locality: Australia, Queensland – Hutton Sandstone Formation
Size: 12 to 15 meters long
Diet: Herbivore
 

Callovian Age/Stage

Middle Jurassic: 166.1 to 163.5 million years ago

The Callovian Stage marks the end of the Middle Jurassic Period. It was named in 1852 by French paleontologist Alcide d’Orbigny. The names is derived from the latinized form of Kellaways Bridge, a small hamlet 3 km northeast of Chippenham, Wiltshire, England.

China Callovian Stage Middle Jurassic: 166.1 to 163.5 million years ago

Genus: Monolophosaurus “Single crested lizard”
Classification: Family Megalosauridae
Time: Early Jurassic (Callovian)
Locality: China, Xinjiang – Shishugou Formation
Size: 5 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
 
Genus: Yangchuanosaurus “Yangchuan lizard”
Classifiaction: Family: Metriacanthosauridae
Time: Jurassic (Bathonian to Callovian)
Locality: China – Shaximiao Formation
Size: 10.8 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Sinraptor “Chinese thief”
Classification: Family: Sinraptoridae
Time: Late Jurassic
Locality: China – Shishugou Formation
Size: 7.6 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
 
Genus: Xuanhanosaurus Xuanhan lizard
Classification: Family Megalosauridae
Time: Jurassic (Bathonian to Callovian)
Locality: China, Xiashaximiao Formation
Size: 6 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Shunosaurus “Shu lizard”
Classification: Family: Cetiosauridae
Time: Jurassic (Bathonian to Callovian)
Locality: China – Shangshaximiao Formation, Xiashaximiao Formation
Size: 9.5 to 10 meters long
Diet: Herbivore
 
Genus: Belemnitina
Common name: “Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore

African Callovian Stage Middle Jurassic: 166.1 to 163.5 million years ago

Genus: Belemnitina
Common name: “Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Jobaria ‭(‬Jobar‭ ‬-‭ ‬after a creature in African mythology‭)‬.
Classification: Clade: Sauropoda
Time: Jurassic (Bathonian to Oxfordian) – Tiouraren formation. Initially considered to be of the early Cretaceous (Hauterivian to Barremian).
Locality: Niger,‭ ‬Abaka -‭ ‬Tiouraren Formation.
Size: About 21 meters long
Diet: Herbivore
 

European Callovian Stage Middle Jurassic: 166.1 to 163.5 million years ago

Genus: Belemnitina
Common name: “Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Name: Leedsichthys “Leed’s fish”
Classification: Class: Actinopterygii – Order: Pachycormiformes – Family: Pachycormidae
Diet: Filter feeder
Size: 16 meters long
Known locations: England, France, Germany, Chile
Time period: Jurassic (Callovian to Tithonian)
Genus: Liopleurodon ‭ “Smooth sided teeth‭”
Classification: Order: ‬Plesiosauria – Family: Pliosauridae
Size: 6.39 meters long
Known locations: England, France and Germany
Time period: Late Jurassic (Callovian to Tithonian)
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Eustreptospondylus “Well curved vertebra”
Classification: Family Megalosauridae
Time: Jurassic (Callovian)
Locality: England
Size: 4.6-6 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
 
Genus: Callovosaurus “Callovian lizard”
Classification: Family Dryosauridae
Time: Jurassic (Callovian)
Locality: England, Cambridgeshire – Oxford Clay Formation
Size: ? meters long
Diet: Herbivore
Genus: Camptosaurus “Bend lizard”
Classification: Family Camptosauridae
Time: Jurassic (Callovian to Tithonian)
Locality: USA, Europe
Size: 6 meters long
Diet: Herbivore
Genus: Metriorhynchus  moderate snout
Classification: Suborder: Thalattosuchia, Family: Metriorhynchidae
Time: Jurassic (Callovian to Kimmeridgian)
Locality: Europe
Size: 3 meters long
Diet: Carnivore

South American Callovian Stage Middle Jurassic: 166.1 to 163.5 million years ago

Genus: Belemnitina
Common name: “Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Name: Leedsichthys “Leed’s fish”
Classification: Class: Actinopterygii – Order: Pachycormiformes – Family: Pachycormidae
Diet: Filter feeder
Size: 16 meters long
Known locations: England, France, Germany, Chile
Time period: Jurassic (Callovian to Tithonian)
Genus: Piatnitzkysaurus ‬Piatnitzky’s lizard”
Classification: Family Megalosauridae
Time: Jurassic (Callovian)
Locality: Argentina, Canadon Asfalto Formation
Size: 4.3 meters long
Diet: Carnivore

Bathonian Age/Stage

Middle Jurassic: 168.3 to 166.1 million years ago

The Bathonian Stage was first named in 1843 by Belgian geologist d’Omalius d’Halloy after the English town of Bath. The latinized form of the town is Bathonium. In 1852 French paleontologist Alcide d’Orbigny defined the exact length of the stage.

 China Bathonian Age/Stage Middle Jurassic: 168.3 to 166.1 million years ago

Genus: Xuanhanosaurus Xuanhan lizard
Classification: Family Megalosauridae
Time: Jurassic (Bathonian to Callovian)
Locality: China, Xiashaximiao Formation
Size: 6 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Yangchuanosaurus “Yangchuan lizard”
Classifiaction: Family: Metriacanthosauridae
Time: Jurassic (Bathonian to Callovian)
Locality: China – Shaximiao Formation
Size: 10.8 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Shunosaurus “Shu lizard”
Classification: Family: Cetiosauridae
Time: Jurassic (Bathonian to Callovian)
Locality: China – Shangshaximiao Formation, Xiashaximiao Formation
Size: 9.5 to 10 meters long
Diet: Herbivore
 
Genus: Belemnitina
Common name: “Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore

 England Bathonian Age/Stage Middle Jurassic: 168.3 to 166.1 million years ago

Genus: Belemnitina
Common name: “Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Megalosaurus “Great lizard”
Classification: Family Megalosauridae
Time: Jurassic (Bathonian)
Locality: England
Size: 9 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
 
Genus: Proceratosaurus “Before Ceratosaurus”
Classification: Family: Proceratosauridae
Time: Jurassic (Bathonian)
Locality: England, Gloucestershire, Minchinhampton
Size: 3 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
 
Genus: Cetiosaurus “Whale lizard”
Classification: Family: Cetiosauridae
Time: Middle Jurassic (Bajocian to Bathonian)
Locality: England, France, Morocco
Size: 16 meters long
Diet: Herbivore
 

 African Bathonian Age/Stage Middle Jurassic: 168.3 to 166.1 million years ago

Genus: Belemnitina
Common name: “Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Jobaria ‭(‬Jobar‭ ‬-‭ ‬after a creature in African mythology‭)‬.
Classification: Clade: Sauropoda
Time: Jurassic (Bathonian to Oxfordian) – Tiouraren formation. Initially considered to be of the early Cretaceous (Hauterivian to Barremian).
Locality: Niger,‭ ‬Abaka -‭ ‬Tiouraren Formation.
Size: About 21 meters long
Diet: Herbivore
 

Bajocian Age/Stage

Middle Jurassic: 170.3 to 168.3 million years ago

The Bajocian Stage was first named in 1842 by the French paleontologist Alcide d’Orbigny after the town of Bayeux in the region of Normandy in France.

Genus: Belemnitina
Common name: “Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore

Aalenian Age/Stage

Middle Jurassic: 174.1 to 170.3 million years ago

The Aalenian Stage was first named in 1864 by the Swiss geologist Karl Mayer-Eymar after the town of Aalan, about 70 kilometers east of Stuttgart in Germany.

Genus: Belemnitina
Common name: “Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore

Toarcian Age/Stage

Early Jurassic: 182.7 to 174.1 million years ago

The Toarcian Stage was first named in 1844 by the French paleontologist Alcide d’Orbigny after the city of Thouars, south of Saumur in the Loire Valley of France.

European Toarcian Stage Early Jurassic: 182.7 to 174.1 million years ago

Genus: Belemnitina
Common name: “Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Temnodontosaurus “cutting-toothed lizard
Classification: Family: Temnodontosauridae
Time: Jurassic (Hettangian to Toarcian)
Locality: England: British Isles and Germany
Size: 12 meters long
Diet: Cephalopods (ammonites)
Genus: Plesiosaurus ‭”Almost lizard‭”
Species: P.‭ ‬dolichodeirus ‭(‬type‭)
Classification: Order: Plesiosauria – Family: Plesiosauridae
Size: 3.5 ‬meters long
Known locations: England‭; ‬Lias Group
Time period: Jurassic (Sinemurian to Toarcian)
Diet: Piscivore

India Toarcian Stage Early Jurassic: 182.7 to 174.1 million years ago

Genus: Belemnitina
Common name: “Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Barapasaurus “big legged lizard”
Classification: Clade: Sauropoda
Time: Jurassic (Toarcian)
Locality: India
Size: 14 meters long
Diet: Herbivore

North American Toarcian Stage Early Jurassic: 182.7 to 174.1 million years ago

Genus: Belemnitina
Common name: “Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Protosuchus  “First crocodile
Classification: Suborder: Crocodylomorpha, Family: Protosuchidae
Time: Early Jurassic
Locality: Canada‭ ‬-‭ ‬Nova Scotia.‭ ‬USA‭ ‬-‭ ‬Arizona.‭ ‬South Africa
Size: 1 meters long
Diet: Carnivore

African Toarcian Stage Early Jurassic: 182.7 to 174.1 million years ago

Genus: Belemnitina
Common name: “Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Protosuchus  “First crocodile
Classification: Suborder: Crocodylomorpha, Family: Protosuchidae
Time: Early Jurassic
Locality: Canada‭ ‬-‭ ‬Nova Scotia.‭ ‬USA‭ ‬-‭ ‬Arizona.‭ ‬South Africa
Size: 1 meters long
Diet: Carnivore

Pliensbachian Age/Stage

Early Jurassic: 190.8 to 182.7 million years ago

The Pliensbachian Stage was first named in 1858 by the German paleontologist Albert Oppel after the hamlet of Pliensbach of the ommunity of Zell unter Aichelberg in the Swabian Alb, east of Stuttgart, Germany.

Antartica Pliensbachian Stage Early Jurassic: 190.8 to 182.7 million years ago

Genus: Belemnitina
Common name: “Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Cryolophosaurus “Cold crest lizard”
Classification: Family: Dilophosauridae
Time: Early Jurassic (Pliensbachian)
Locality: Antarctica – Hanson Formation
Size: 6.5 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
 

European Pliensbachian Stage Early Jurassic: 190.8 to 182.7 million years ago

Genus: Belemnitina
Common name: “Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Ichthyosaurus”fish lizard
Classification: Family: Ichthyosauridae
Time: Early Jurassic (Hettangian to Pliensbachian)
Locality: Europe: ‬Belgium,‭ ‬England,‭ ‬Germany and Switzerland
Size: 2 to 3.3 meters long
Diet: Piscivore
Genus: Temnodontosaurus “cutting-toothed lizard
Classification: Family: Temnodontosauridae
Time: Jurassic (Hettangian to Toarcian)
Locality: England: British Isles and Germany
Size: 12 meters long
Diet: Cephalopods (ammonites)
Genus: Plesiosaurus ‭”Almost lizard‭”
Classification: Order: Plesiosauria – Family: Plesiosauridae
Size: 3.5 ‬meters long
Known locations: England‭; ‬Lias Group
Time period: Jurassic (Sinemurian to Toarcian)
Diet: Piscivore
Genus: Attenborosaurus  ‭”Attenborough’s lizard‭”
Classification: Order: Plesiosauria -Family: Plesiosauridae
Size: 5 ‬meters long
Known locations: England‭; ‬Dorset
Time period: Early Jurassic (Sinemurian to Pliensbachian)
Diet: Piscivore
Genus: Scelidosaurus “limb lizard”
Classification: Suborder: Thyreophora – Family: Scelidosautidae
Time: Jurassic (Sinemurian to Pliensbachian)
Locality: England, Dorset
Size: 4 meters long
Diet: Herbivore

North American Pliensbachian Stage Early Jurassic: 190.8 to 182.7 million years ago

Genus: Belemnitina
Common name: “Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Protosuchus  “First crocodile
Classification: Suborder: Crocodylomorpha, Family: Protosuchidae
Time: Early Jurassic
Locality: Canada‭ ‬-‭ ‬Nova Scotia.‭ ‬USA‭ ‬-‭ ‬Arizona.‭ ‬South Africa
Size: 1 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Scutellosaurus “little shielded lizard”
Classification: Suborder: Thyreophora
Time: Jurassic (Sinemurian to Pliensbachian)
Locality: USA: Arizona – Kayenta Formation
Size: 1.2 meters long
Diet: Herbivore

African Pliensbachian Stage Early Jurassic: 190.8 to 182.7 million years ago

Genus: Belemnitina
Common name: “Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Protosuchus  “First crocodile
Classification: Suborder: Crocodylomorpha, Family: Protosuchidae
Time: Early Jurassic
Locality: Canada‭ ‬-‭ ‬Nova Scotia.‭ ‬USA‭ ‬-‭ ‬Arizona.‭ ‬South Africa
Size: 1 meters long
Diet: Carnivore

Sinemurian Age/Stage

Early Jurassic: 199.3 to 190.8 million years ago

The Sinemurian Stage was first named in 1842 by French Paleontologist Alcide d’Orbigny after the French town of Semur-en-Auxois near Dijon.

North American Sinemurian Stage Early Jurassic: 199.3 to 190.8 million years ago

Genus: Belemnitina
Common name: “Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Protosuchus  “First crocodile
Classification: Suborder: Crocodylomorpha, Family: Protosuchidae
Time: Early Jurassic
Locality: Canada‭ ‬-‭ ‬Nova Scotia.‭ ‬USA‭ ‬-‭ ‬Arizona.‭ ‬South Africa
Size: 1 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Dilophosaurus “Two crested lizard”
Classification: Family: Dilophosauridae
Time: Early Jurassic (Sinemurian)
Locality: USA, Arizona – Kayenta Formation
Size: 6 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Scutellosaurus “little shielded lizard”
Classification: Suborder: Thyreophora
Time: Jurassic (Sinemurian to Pliensbachian)
Locality: USA: Arizona – Kayenta Formation
Size: 1.2 meters long
Diet: Herbivore

European Sinemurian Stage Early Jurassic: 199.3 to 190.8 million years ago

Genus: Belemnitina
Common name: “Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Name: Dimorphodon “two form tooth”
Classification: Family: Dimorphodontidae – Subfamily: Dimorphodontinae
Time: Jurassic (Hattengian to Sinemurian)
Locality: England, Dorset – Jurassic Coast
Size: 1.4 m wingspan, 1 m long including tail
Diet: Insectivore
Genus: Scelidosaurus “limb lizard”
Classification: Suborder: Thyreophora – Family: Scelidosautidae
Time: Jurassic (Sinemurian to Pliensbachian)
Locality: England, Dorset
Size: 4 meters long
Diet: Herbivore
Genus: Plesiosaurus ‭”Almost lizard‭”
Classification: Order: Plesiosauria – Family: Plesiosauridae
Size: 3.5 ‬meters long
Known locations: England‭; ‬Lias Group
Time period: Jurassic (Sinemurian to Toarcian)
Diet: Piscivore
Genus: Attenborosaurus  ‭”Attenborough’s lizard‭”
Classification: Order: Plesiosauria -Family: Plesiosauridae
Size: 5 ‬meters long
Known locations: England‭; ‬Dorset
Time period: Early Jurassic (Sinemurian to Pliensbachian)
Diet: Piscivore
Genus: Ichthyosaurus”fish lizard
Classification: Family: Ichthyosauridae
Time: Early Jurassic (Hettangian to Pliensbachian)
Locality: Europe: ‬Belgium,‭ ‬England,‭ ‬Germany and Switzerland
Size: 2 to 3.3 meters long
Diet: Piscivore
Genus: Temnodontosaurus “cutting-toothed lizard
Classification: Family: Temnodontosauridae
Time: Jurassic (Hettangian to Toarcian)
Locality: England: British Isles and Germany
Size: 12 meters long
Diet: Cephalopods (ammonites)

African Sinemurian Stage Early Jurassic: 199.3 to 190.8 million years ago

Genus: Belemnitina
Common name: “Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Protosuchus  “First crocodile
Classification: Suborder: Crocodylomorpha, Family: Protosuchidae
Time: Early Jurassic
Locality: Canada‭ ‬-‭ ‬Nova Scotia.‭ ‬USA‭ ‬-‭ ‬Arizona.‭ ‬South Africa
Size: 1 meters long
Diet: Carnivore

Hettangian Age/Stage

Early Jurassic: 201.3 to 199.3 million years ago

The Hettangian Stage was first named in 18624 by Swiss paleontologist Eugene Renevier after town of Hettange-Grande in northeastern France.

North American Hettangian Stage Early Jurassic: 201.3 to 199.3 million years ago

Genus: Belemnitina
Common name: “Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Protosuchus  “First crocodile
Classification: Suborder: Crocodylomorpha, Family: Protosuchidae
Time: Early Jurassic
Locality: Canada‭ ‬-‭ ‬Nova Scotia.‭ ‬USA‭ ‬-‭ ‬Arizona.‭ ‬South Africa
Size: 1 meters long
Diet: Carnivore

European Hettangian Stage Early Jurassic: 201.3 to 199.3 million years ago

Genus: Belemnitina
Common name: “Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Temnodontosaurus “cutting-toothed lizard
Classification: Family: Temnodontosauridae
Time: Jurassic (Hettangian to Toarcian)
Locality: England: British Isles and Germany
Size: 12 meters long
Diet: Cephalopods (ammonites)
Genus: Ichthyosaurus”fish lizard
Classification: Family: Ichthyosauridae
Time: Early Jurassic (Hettangian to Pliensbachian)
Locality: Europe: ‬Belgium,‭ ‬England,‭ ‬Germany and Switzerland
Size: 2 to 3.3 meters long
Diet: Piscivore
Name: Dimorphodon “two form tooth”
Classification: Family: Dimorphodontidae – Subfamily: Dimorphodontinae
Time: Jurassic (Hattengian to Sinemurian)
Locality: England, Dorset – Jurassic Coast
Size: 1.4 m wingspan, 1 m long including tail
Diet: Insectivore

African Hettangian Stage Early Jurassic: 201.3 to 199.3 million years ago

Genus: Belemnitina
Common name: “Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Protosuchus  “First crocodile
Classification: Suborder: Crocodylomorpha, Family: Protosuchidae
Time: Early Jurassic
Locality: Canada‭ ‬-‭ ‬Nova Scotia.‭ ‬USA‭ ‬-‭ ‬Arizona.‭ ‬South Africa
Size: 1 meters long
Diet: Carnivore

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