Geologic Time Scale: Triassic Period

(251.902 to 201.36 million years ago)

The Triassic Period is the first and shortest period of the Mesozoic Era. Both the start (Permian-Triassic) and end (Triassic-Jurassic)of the period are marked by major extinction events. Triassic Period (Greek “triad” meaning three) was named in 1834 by Friedrich August von Alberti () after the a succession of three district rock layers that are widespread in southern Germany: the lower Bruntsandstein (colorful sandstone), the middle Muschelkalk (shell-bearing limestone), and the upper Keuper (colored clay).

During the Triassic, almost all the Earth’s land mass was concentrated in to a single supercontinent, Pangaea (meaning ‘entire land’) more or less centered on the equator and extended between the poles. New modern types of coral appear forming small reef patches, while cephalopods called ammonites recovered, diversifying from a single line that survived the Permian extinction during the Triassic.We also see the introduction of the first dinosaurs, marine reptiles, pterosaurs, and true mammals.

Rhaetian Age/Stage

Late Triassic: 208.5 to 201.3 million years ago

The Rhaetian Stage was named in 1856 by German paleontologist Albert Oppel and Austrian geologist Eduard Suess, after the Rhaetian Alps. This mountain chain stretches over parts of eastern Switzerland, northern Italy, and western Austria. 

European Rhaetian Age/Stage Late Triassic: 208.5 to 201.3 million years ago

Genus: Belemnitina
Common name: “Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Xenacanthus“‬Foreign spike”‬
Classification: ‬Order: Xenacanthida – Family: ‬Xenacanthidae
Locations: USA,‭ ‬Europe, and India
Time period: Late Devonian to end Triassic
Size: Up to 1‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Mastodonsaurus ‭”‬Breast tooth lizard‭”
Classification: Class: ‬Amphibia – ‬Order: Temnospondyli – Family: Mastodonsauridae
Time period: Triassic (Anisian to Rhaetian)
Known locations: England‭ ‬-‭ ‬Bromsgrove Sandstone Formation,‭ ‬Wales‭ ‬-‭ ‬Sully Beds Formation,‭ ‬Germany‭ ‬-‭ ‬Erfurt Formation,‭ Russia‭ ‬-‭ ‬Bukobay Formation
Size: 4‭ ‬to‭ ‬6‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Plateosaurus “broad lizard”
Classification: Family: Plateosauridae
Time: Late Triassic (Norian to Rhaetian)
Locality: Across Europe.‭ ‬Also in Greenland‭ ‬-‭ ‬Fleming Fjord Formation
Size: 5 to 10 meters long
Diet: Herbivore
 
Genus: Lufengosaurus “Lufeng lizard”
Classification: Family: Massospondylidae
Time: Late Triassic (Norian to Rhaetian)
Locality: Across Europe.‭ ‬Also in Greenland‭ ‬-‭ ‬Fleming Fjord Formation
Size: 5 to 10 meters long
Diet: Herbivore
 

South American Rhaetian Age/Stage Late Triassic: 208.5 to 201.3 million years ago

Genus: Belemnitina
Common name: “Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Mussasaurus “Mouse lizard”
Classification: Clade: Prosauropoda
Time: Late Triassic (Norian/Rhaetian)
Locality: Argentina,‭ ‬Santa Cruz Province‭ ‬-‭ ‬El Tranquilo Formation
Size: 3 meters long
Diet: Herbivore

Asia Rhaetian Age/Stage Late Triassic: 208.5 to 201.3 million years ago

Genus: Belemnitina
Common name: “Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Helicoprion “‬Spiral saw“‬
Classification: ‬Order: Eugeneodontida – Family: ‬Agassizodontidae
Locations: Australia, Canada, China, Japan, Mexico, USA
Time period: Late Devonian to end Triassic
Size: 7.5 to 3 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Xenacanthus“‬Foreign spike”‬
Classification: ‬Order: Xenacanthida – Family: ‬Xenacanthidae
Locations: USA,‭ ‬Europe, and India
Time period: Late Devonian to end Triassic
Size: Up to 1‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Mastodonsaurus ‭”‬Breast tooth lizard‭”
Classification: Class: ‬Amphibia – ‬Order: Temnospondyli – Family: Mastodonsauridae
Time period: Triassic (Anisian to Rhaetian)
Known locations: England‭ ‬-‭ ‬Bromsgrove Sandstone Formation,‭ ‬Wales‭ ‬-‭ ‬Sully Beds Formation,‭ ‬Germany‭ ‬-‭ ‬Erfurt Formation,‭ Russia‭ ‬-‭ ‬Bukobay Formation
Size: 4‭ ‬to‭ ‬6‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore

North American Rhaetian Age/Stage Late Triassic: 208.5 to 201.3 million years ago

Genus: Belemnitina
Common name: “Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Helicoprion “‬Spiral saw“‬
Classification: ‬Order: Eugeneodontida – Family: ‬Agassizodontidae
Locations: Australia, Canada, China, Japan, Mexico, USA
Time period: Late Devonian to end Triassic
Size: 7.5 to 3 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Xenacanthus“‬Foreign spike”‬
Classification: ‬Order: Xenacanthida – Family: ‬Xenacanthidae
Locations: USA,‭ ‬Europe, and India
Time period: Late Devonian to end Triassic
Size: Up to 1‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore

Australian Rhaetian Age/Stage Late Triassic: 208.5 to 201.3 million years ago

Genus: Belemnitina
Common name: “Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Helicoprion “‬Spiral saw“‬
Classification: ‬Order: Eugeneodontida – Family: ‬Agassizodontidae
Locations: Australia, Canada, China, Japan, Mexico, USA
Time period: Late Devonian to end Triassic
Size: 7.5 to 3 meters long
Diet: Carnivore

Norian Age/Stage

Late Triassic: 227.0 to 208.5 million years ago

The Norian Stage was named in 1869 by Austrian geologist Edmund Mojsisovis von Mojsvar after either the Noric Alps in Austria.

North American Norian Stage Late Triassic: 227.0 to 208.5 million years ago

Genus: Belemnitina
Common name: “Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Helicoprion “‬Spiral saw“‬
Classification: ‬Order: Eugeneodontida – Family: ‬Agassizodontidae
Locations: Australia, Canada, China, Japan, Mexico, USA
Time period: Late Devonian to end Triassic
Size: 7.5 to 3 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Xenacanthus“‬Foreign spike”‬
Classification: ‬Order: Xenacanthida – Family: ‬Xenacanthidae
Locations: USA,‭ ‬Europe, and India
Time period: Late Devonian to end Triassic
Size: Up to 1‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Tawa “Named after the Puebloan sun god”
Classification: Order: Theropoda
Time: Late Triassic (Norian)
Locality: USA, New Mexico – Chinle Formation, Ghost Ranch
Size: 2 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
 
Genus: Coelophysis “Hollow form”
Classification: Family: Coelophysidae
Time: Late Triassic (Carnian to Norian)
Locality: USA, New Mexico and Arizona
Size: 3 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
 
Genus: Postosuchus “Crocodile from Post
Classification: Family: Rausisuchidae
Time: Late Triassic (Carnian to Norian)
Locality: Arizona,‭ ‬New Mexico,‭ ‬North Carolina and Texas; USA
Size: 4 to 5 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Rutiodon “Wrinkled tooth”
Classification: Family: Phytosauridae
Time: Late Triassic
Locality: Germany,‭ ‬Mexico,‭ ‬Switzerland,‭ ‬USA‭ ‬-‭ ‬Arizona,‭ ‬New Jersey,‭ ‬New Mexico,‭ ‬New York,‭ ‬North Carolina,‭ ‬Pennsylvania and Texas.
Size: 3 to 8 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Desmatosuchus “Link crocodile”
Classification: Family: Stagonolepididae, Subfamily: Desmatosuchinae
Time: Late Triassic (Carnian to Norian)
Locality: Texas
Size: 4.5 to 5 meters long
Diet: Herbivore
Genus: Placerias “Broad body”.
Classification: Family: Kannemeyeriidae.
Known locations: USA, Arizona.
Time period: Triassic (Carnian to Norian).
Type: Herbivore.
Size: Up to 3.5 meters long.

European Norian Stage Late Triassic: 227.0 to 208.5 million years ago

Genus: Belemnitina
Common name: “Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Xenacanthus“‬Foreign spike”‬
Classification: ‬Order: Xenacanthida – Family: ‬Xenacanthidae
Locations: USA,‭ ‬Europe, and India
Time period: Late Devonian to end Triassic
Size: Up to 1‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Nothosaurus “false lizard
Classification: Family: Nothosauridae – Subfamily: Nothosaurinae
Time: Triassic (Anisian to Norian)
Locality: North Africa, Europe, and China
Size: 4 to 7 meters long.
Diet: Piscivore/Carnivore
Genus: Liliensternus “Ruhle von Lilienstern’s one”
Classification: Family: Coelophysidae
Time: Late Triassic (Norian)
Locality: Germany – Trossingen Formation
Size: 5.15 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Plateosaurus “Broad lizard”
Classification: Family: Plateosauridae
Time: Late Triassic (Norian to Rhaetian)
Locality: Across Europe.‭ ‬Also in Greenland‭ ‬-‭ ‬Fleming Fjord Formation
Size: 5 to 10 meters long
Diet: Herbivore
Genus: Lufengosaurus “Lufeng lizard”
Classification: Family: Massospondylidae
Time: Late Triassic (Norian to Rhaetian)
Locality: Across Europe.‭ ‬Also in Greenland‭ ‬-‭ ‬Fleming Fjord Formation
Size: 5 to 10 meters long
Diet: Herbivore
Genus: Mastodonsaurus ‭”‬Breast tooth lizard‭”
Classification: Class: ‬Amphibia – ‬Order: Temnospondyli – Family: Mastodonsauridae
Time period: Triassic (Anisian to Rhaetian)
Known locations: England‭ ‬-‭ ‬Bromsgrove Sandstone Formation,‭ ‬Wales‭ ‬-‭ ‬Sully Beds Formation,‭ ‬Germany‭ ‬-‭ ‬Erfurt Formation,‭ Russia‭ ‬-‭ ‬Bukobay Formation
Size: 4‭ ‬to‭ ‬6‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore

Asian Norian Stage Late Triassic: 227.0 to 208.5 million years ago

Genus: Belemnitina
Common name: “Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Helicoprion “‬Spiral saw“‬
Classification: ‬Order: Eugeneodontida – Family: ‬Agassizodontidae
Locations: Australia, Canada, China, Japan, Mexico, USA
Time period: Late Devonian to end Triassic
Size: 7.5 to 3 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Xenacanthus“‬Foreign spike”‬
Classification: ‬Order: Xenacanthida – Family: ‬Xenacanthidae
Locations: USA,‭ ‬Europe, and India
Time period: Late Devonian to end Triassic
Size: Up to 1‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Nothosaurus “false lizard
Classification: Family: Nothosauridae – Subfamily: Nothosaurinae
Time: Triassic (Anisian to Norian)
Locality: North Africa, Europe, and China
Size: 4 to 7 meters long.
Diet: Piscivore/Carnivore
Genus: Keichousaurus‭  keichow lizard
Classification: Order: Nothosauroidea, Family: Keichousauridae
Time: Triassic (Anisian to Norian)
Locality: China
Size: 15 to 30 centimeters long
Diet: Piscivore
Genus: Mastodonsaurus ‭”‬Breast tooth lizard‭”
Classification: Class: ‬Amphibia – ‬Order: Temnospondyli – Family: Mastodonsauridae
Time period: Triassic (Anisian to Rhaetian)
Known locations: England‭ ‬-‭ ‬Bromsgrove Sandstone Formation,‭ ‬Wales‭ ‬-‭ ‬Sully Beds Formation,‭ ‬Germany‭ ‬-‭ ‬Erfurt Formation,‭ Russia‭ ‬-‭ ‬Bukobay Formation
Size: 4‭ ‬to‭ ‬6‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore

South American Norian Stage Late Triassic: 227.0 to 208.5 million years ago

Genus: Belemnitina
Common name: “Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Mussasaurus “Mouse lizard”
Classification: Clade: Prosauropoda
Time: Late Triassic (Norian/Rhaetian)
Locality: Argentina,‭ ‬Santa Cruz Province‭ ‬-‭ ‬El Tranquilo Formation
Size: 3 meters long
Diet: Herbivore

Australian Norian Stage Late Triassic: 227.0 to 208.5 million years ago

Genus: Belemnitina
Common name: “Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Helicoprion “‬Spiral saw“‬
Classification: ‬Order: Eugeneodontida – Family: ‬Agassizodontidae
Locations: Australia, Canada, China, Japan, Mexico, USA
Time period: Late Devonian to end Triassic
Size: 7.5 to 3 meters long
Diet: Carnivore

Carnian Age/Stage

Late Triassic: 237.0 to 227.0 million years ago

The Carnian Stage was named in 1869 by Austrian geologist Edmund Mojsisovis von Mojsvar after either the Carnic Alps or the Austrian region of Carinthia, or the Carnia historical region in northwestern Italy.

North American Carnian Stage Late Triassic: 237.0 to 227.0 million years ago

Genus: Coelophysis “Hollow form”
Classification: Family: Coelophysidae
Time: Late Triassic (Carnian to Norian)
Locality: USA, New Mexico and Arizona
Size: 3 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
 
Genus: Postosuchus “Crocodile from Post
Classification: Family: Rausisuchidae
Time: Late Triassic (Carnian to Norian)
Locality: Arizona,‭ ‬New Mexico,‭ ‬North Carolina and Texas; USA
Size: 4 to 5 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Rutiodon “Wrinkled tooth
Classification: Family: Phytosauridae
Time: Late Triassic
Locality: Germany,‭ ‬Mexico,‭ ‬Switzerland,‭ ‬USA‭ ‬-‭ ‬Arizona,‭ ‬New Jersey,‭ ‬New Mexico,‭ ‬New York,‭ ‬North Carolina,‭ ‬Pennsylvania and Texas.
Size: 3 to 8 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Desmatosuchus “Link crocodile
Classification: Family: Stagonolepididae, Subfamily: Desmatosuchinae
Time: Late Triassic (Carnian to Norian)
Locality: Texas
Size: 4.5 to 5 meters long
Diet: Herbivore
Genus: Placerias “Broad body”.
Classification: Family: Kannemeyeriidae.
Known locations: USA, Arizona.
Time period: Triassic (Carnian to Norian).
Type: Herbivore.
Size: Up to 3.5 meters long.
Genus: Belemnitina
Common name: “Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Helicoprion “‬Spiral saw“‬
Classification: ‬Order: Eugeneodontida – Family: ‬Agassizodontidae
Locations: Australia, Canada, China, Japan, Mexico, USA
Time period: Late Devonian to end Triassic
Size: 7.5 to 3 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Orthacanthus Vertical spike“‬
Classification: Order: Xenacanthida -‭ ‬Family: Orthacanthidae
Locations: Europe and ‬North America
Time period: Devonian (Emsian) to Triassic (Carnian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬3‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Xenacanthus“‬Foreign spike”‬
Classification: ‬Order: Xenacanthida – Family: ‬Xenacanthidae
Locations: USA,‭ ‬Europe, and India
Time period: Late Devonian to end Triassic
Size: Up to 1‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore

South American Carnian Stage Late Triassic: 237.0 to 227.0 million years ago

Genus: Belemnitina
Common name: “Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Herrerasaurus “Herrera’s lizard”
Classification: Family: Herrerasauridae
Time: Late Triassic (Ladinian to early Carnian)
Locality: Argentina, San Juan Province – Ischigualasto Formation
Size: 3 to 6 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Hyperodapedon “best pestle tooth
Classification: Order: Rhynchosauria, Family: Hyperodapedontinae
Time: Late Triassic (Carnian)
Locality: Argentina,‭ ‬Brazil,‭ ‬India,‭ ‬Scotland
Size: 1.3 meters long
Diet: Herbivore

European Carnian Stage Late Triassic: 237.0 to 227.0 million years ago

Genus: Belemnitina
Common name: “Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Orthacanthus Vertical spike“‬
Classification: Order: Xenacanthida -‭ ‬Family: Orthacanthidae
Locations: Europe and ‬North America
Time period: Devonian (Emsian) to Triassic (Carnian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬3‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Xenacanthus“‬Foreign spike”‬
Classification: ‬Order: Xenacanthida – Family: ‬Xenacanthidae
Locations: USA,‭ ‬Europe, and India
Time period: Late Devonian to end Triassic
Size: Up to 1‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Henodus “single tooth
Classification: Family: Henondontidae
Time: Triassic (Carnian)
Locality: Europe: Guermany
Size: 1 meters long
Diet: Shellfish
 
Genus: Nothosaurus “False lizard
Classification: Family: Nothosauridae – Subfamily: Nothosaurinae
Time: Triassic (Anisian to Norian)
Locality: North Africa, Europe, and China
Size: 4 to 7 meters long.
Diet: Piscivore/Carnivore
Genus: Tanystropheus “Long strap
Classification: Family: Tanystrophidae
Time: Triassic (Anisian to Carnian)
Locality: Europe, Middle East and China
Size: 6 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Hyperodapedon “Best pestle tooth”
Classification: Order: Rhynchosauria, Family: Hyperodapedontinae
Time: Late Triassic (Carnian)
Locality: Argentina,‭ ‬Brazil,‭ ‬India,‭ ‬Scotland
Size: 1.3 meters long
Diet: Herbivore
Genus: Ornithosuchus “Bird crocodile
Classification: Family: Ornithosuchidae
Time: Late Triassic (Carnian)
Locality: Scotland
Size: 2.2 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Mastodonsaurus ‭”‬Breast tooth lizard‭”
Classification: Class: ‬Amphibia – ‬Order: Temnospondyli – Family: Mastodonsauridae
Time period: Triassic (Anisian to Rhaetian)
Known locations: England‭ ‬-‭ ‬Bromsgrove Sandstone Formation,‭ ‬Wales‭ ‬-‭ ‬Sully Beds Formation,‭ ‬Germany‭ ‬-‭ ‬Erfurt Formation,‭ Russia‭ ‬-‭ ‬Bukobay Formation
Size: 4‭ ‬to‭ ‬6‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore

Asian Carnian Stage Late Triassic: 237.0 to 227.0 million years ago

Genus: Belemnitina
Common name: “Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Helicoprion “‬Spiral saw“‬
Classification: ‬Order: Eugeneodontida – Family: ‬Agassizodontidae
Locations: Australia, Canada, China, Japan, Mexico, USA
Time period: Late Devonian to end Triassic
Size: 7.5 to 3 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Xenacanthus“‬Foreign spike”‬
Classification: ‬Order: Xenacanthida – Family: ‬Xenacanthidae
Locations: USA,‭ ‬Europe, and India
Time period: Late Devonian to end Triassic
Size: Up to 1‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Nothosaurus “False lizard
Classification: Family: Nothosauridae – Subfamily: Nothosaurinae
Time: Triassic (Anisian to Norian)
Locality: North Africa, Europe, and China
Size: 4 to 7 meters long.
Diet: Piscivore/Carnivore
Genus: Keichousaurus‭  “Keichow lizard
Classification: Order: Nothosauroidea, Family: Keichousauridae
Time: Triassic (Anisian to Norian)
Locality: China
Size: 15 to 30 centimeters long
Diet: Piscivore
Genus: Tanystropheus “Long strap
Classification: Family: Tanystrophidae
Time: Triassic (Anisian to Carnian)
Locality: Europe, Middle East and China
Size: 6 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Hyperodapedon “Best pestle tooth
Classification: Order: Rhynchosauria, Family: Hyperodapedontinae
Time: Late Triassic (Carnian)
Locality: Argentina,‭ ‬Brazil,‭ ‬India,‭ ‬Scotland
Size: 1.3 meters long
Diet: Herbivore
Genus: Mastodonsaurus ‭”‬Breast tooth lizard‭”
Classification: Class: ‬Amphibia – ‬Order: Temnospondyli – Family: Mastodonsauridae
Time period: Triassic (Anisian to Rhaetian)
Known locations: England‭ ‬-‭ ‬Bromsgrove Sandstone Formation,‭ ‬Wales‭ ‬-‭ ‬Sully Beds Formation,‭ ‬Germany‭ ‬-‭ ‬Erfurt Formation,‭ Russia‭ ‬-‭ ‬Bukobay Formation
Size: 4‭ ‬to‭ ‬6‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore

Africa and Middle East Carnian Stage Late Triassic: 237.0 to 227.0 million years ago

Genus: Belemnitina
Common name: “Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Nothosaurus “False lizard
Classification: Family: Nothosauridae – Subfamily: Nothosaurinae
Time: Triassic (Anisian to Norian)
Locality: North Africa, Europe, and China
Size: 4 to 7 meters long.
Diet: Piscivore/Carnivore
Genus: Tanystropheus “Long strap
Classification: Family: Tanystrophidae
Time: Triassic (Anisian to Carnian)
Locality: Europe, Middle East and China
Size: 6 meters long
Diet: Carnivore

Australian Carnian Stage Late Triassic: 237.0 to 227.0 million years ago

Genus: Belemnitina
Common name: “Belemnites”
Classification: Superoder: Belemnoidea – Order: Belemnitida
Locality: Worldwide
Time: Late Triassic to End Cretaceous
Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Helicoprion “‬Spiral saw“‬
Classification: ‬Order: Eugeneodontida – Family: ‬Agassizodontidae
Locations: Australia, Canada, China, Japan, Mexico, USA
Time period: Late Devonian to end Triassic
Size: 7.5 to 3 meters long
Diet: Carnivore

Ladinian Age/Stage

Middle Triassic: 242.0 to 237.0 million years ago

The Ladinian Stage was named in 1892 by Austrian geologist Alexander Bittner after the Ladin people that live in the Italian Alps. Near the Dolomites then parts of Austria-Hungary.

South American Ladinian Stage Middle Triassic: 242.0 to 237.0 million years ago

Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Prestosuchus “Fast crocodile
Classification: Family: Prestosuchidae
Time: Middle Triassic (Ladinian)
Locality: Brazil – Santa Maria Formation
Size: 5 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Herrerasaurus “Herrera’s lizard”
Classification: Family: Herrerasauridae
Time: Late Triassic (Ladinian to early Carnian)
Locality: Argentina, San Juan Province – Ischigualasto Formation
Size: 3 to 6 meters long
Diet: Carnivore

European Ladinian Stage Middle Triassic: 242.0 to 237.0 million years ago

Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Orthacanthus Vertical spike“‬
Classification: Order: Xenacanthida -‭ ‬Family: Orthacanthidae
Locations: Europe and ‬North America
Time period: Devonian (Emsian) to Triassic (Carnian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬3‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Xenacanthus“‬Foreign spike”‬
Classification: ‬Order: Xenacanthida – Family: ‬Xenacanthidae
Locations: USA,‭ ‬Europe, and India
Time period: Late Devonian to end Triassic
Size: Up to 1‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Mastodonsaurus ‭”‬Breast tooth lizard‭”
Classification: Class: ‬Amphibia – ‬Order: Temnospondyli – Family: Mastodonsauridae
Time period: Triassic (Anisian to Rhaetian)
Known locations: England‭ ‬-‭ ‬Bromsgrove Sandstone Formation,‭ ‬Wales‭ ‬-‭ ‬Sully Beds Formation,‭ ‬Germany‭ ‬-‭ ‬Erfurt Formation,‭ Russia‭ ‬-‭ ‬Bukobay Formation
Size: 4‭ ‬to‭ ‬6‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Tanystropheus “long strap
Classification: Family: Tanystrophidae
Time: Triassic (Anisian to Carnian)
Locality: Europe, Middle East and China
Size: 6 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Nothosaurus “false lizard
Classification: Family: Nothosauridae – Subfamily: Nothosaurinae
Time: Triassic (Anisian to Norian)
Locality: North Africa, Europe, and China
Size: 4 to 7 meters long.
Diet: Piscivore/Carnivore

Asian Ladinian Stage Middle Triassic: 242.0 to 237.0 million years ago

Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Helicoprion “‬Spiral saw“‬
Classification: ‬Order: Eugeneodontida – Family: ‬Agassizodontidae
Locations: Australia, Canada, China, Japan, Mexico, USA
Time period: Late Devonian to end Triassic
Size: 7.5 to 3 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Xenacanthus“‬Foreign spike”‬
Classification: ‬Order: Xenacanthida – Family: ‬Xenacanthidae
Locations: USA,‭ ‬Europe, and India
Time period: Late Devonian to end Triassic
Size: Up to 1‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Mastodonsaurus ‭”‬Breast tooth lizard‭”
Classification: Class: ‬Amphibia – ‬Order: Temnospondyli – Family: Mastodonsauridae
Time period: Triassic (Anisian to Rhaetian)
Known locations: England‭ ‬-‭ ‬Bromsgrove Sandstone Formation,‭ ‬Wales‭ ‬-‭ ‬Sully Beds Formation,‭ ‬Germany‭ ‬-‭ ‬Erfurt Formation,‭ Russia‭ ‬-‭ ‬Bukobay Formation
Size: 4‭ ‬to‭ ‬6‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Keichousaurus‭  “Keichow lizard
Classification: Order: Nothosauroidea, Family: Keichousauridae
Time: Triassic (Anisian to Norian)
Locality: China
Size: 15 to 30 centimeters long
Diet: Piscivore
Genus: Nothosaurus “False lizard
Classification: Family: Nothosauridae – Subfamily: Nothosaurinae
Time: Triassic (Anisian to Norian)
Locality: North Africa, Europe, and China
Size: 4 to 7 meters long.
Diet: Piscivore/Carnivore
Genus: Tanystropheus “Long strap
Classification: Family: Tanystrophidae
Time: Triassic (Anisian to Carnian)
Locality: Europe, Middle East and China
Size: 6 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Shringasaurus “horned lizard
Classification: Family: Azendohsauridae
Time: Middle Triassic (Anisian)
Locality: India, Madhya Pradesh – Denwa Formation
Size: 4 meters long
Diet: Herbivore

Africa and Middle East Ladinian Stage Middle Triassic: 242.0 to 237.0 million years ago

Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Nothosaurus “False lizard
Classification: Family: Nothosauridae – Subfamily: Nothosaurinae
Time: Triassic (Anisian to Norian)
Locality: North Africa, Europe, and China
Size: 4 to 7 meters long.
Diet: Piscivore/Carnivore
Genus: Tanystropheus “Long strap
Classification: Family: Tanystrophidae
Time: Triassic (Anisian to Carnian)
Locality: Europe, Middle East and China
Size: 6 meters long
Diet: Carnivore

North American Ladinian Stage Middle Triassic: 242.0 to 237.0 million years ago

Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Helicoprion “‬Spiral saw“‬
Classification: ‬Order: Eugeneodontida – Family: ‬Agassizodontidae
Locations: Australia, Canada, China, Japan, Mexico, USA
Time period: Late Devonian to end Triassic
Size: 7.5 to 3 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Orthacanthus Vertical spike“‬
Classification: Order: Xenacanthida -‭ ‬Family: Orthacanthidae
Locations: Europe and ‬North America
Time period: Devonian (Emsian) to Triassic (Carnian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬3‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Xenacanthus“‬Foreign spike”‬
Classification: ‬Order: Xenacanthida – Family: ‬Xenacanthidae
Locations: USA,‭ ‬Europe, and India
Time period: Late Devonian to end Triassic
Size: Up to 1‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore

Australian Ladinian Stage Middle Triassic: 242.0 to 237.0 million years ago

Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Helicoprion “‬Spiral saw“‬
Classification: ‬Order: Eugeneodontida – Family: ‬Agassizodontidae
Locations: Australia, Canada, China, Japan, Mexico, USA
Time period: Late Devonian to end Triassic
Size: 7.5 to 3 meters long
Diet: Carnivore

Anisian Age/Stage

Middle Triassic: 247.2 to 242.0 million years ago

The Anisian Stage was named in 1895 by Austrian geologist Wilhelm Heinrich Waagen and Carl Diener after the Latin name of the river Enns.

European Anisian Stage Middle Triassic: 247.2 to 242.0 million years ago

Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Orthacanthus Vertical spike“‬
Classification: Order: Xenacanthida -‭ ‬Family: Orthacanthidae
Locations: Europe and ‬North America
Time period: Devonian (Emsian) to Triassic (Carnian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬3‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Xenacanthus“‬Foreign spike”‬
Classification: ‬Order: Xenacanthida – Family: ‬Xenacanthidae
Locations: USA,‭ ‬Europe, and India
Time period: Late Devonian to end Triassic
Size: Up to 1‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Mastodonsaurus ‭”‬Breast tooth lizard‭”
Classification: Class: ‬Amphibia – ‬Order: Temnospondyli – Family: Mastodonsauridae
Time period: Triassic (Anisian to Rhaetian)
Known locations: England‭ ‬-‭ ‬Bromsgrove Sandstone Formation,‭ ‬Wales‭ ‬-‭ ‬Sully Beds Formation,‭ ‬Germany‭ ‬-‭ ‬Erfurt Formation,‭ Russia‭ ‬-‭ ‬Bukobay Formation
Size: 4‭ ‬to‭ ‬6‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Tanystropheus “Long strap
Classification: Family: Tanystrophidae
Time: Triassic (Anisian to Carnian)
Locality: Europe, Middle East and China
Size: 6 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Nothosaurus “False lizard
Classification: Family: Nothosauridae – Subfamily: Nothosaurinae
Time: Triassic (Anisian to Norian)
Locality: North Africa, Europe, and China
Size: 4 to 7 meters long.
Diet: Piscivore/Carnivore

Asian Anisian Stage Middle Triassic: 247.2 to 242.0 million years ago

Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Helicoprion “‬Spiral saw“‬
Classification: ‬Order: Eugeneodontida – Family: ‬Agassizodontidae
Locations: Australia, Canada, China, Japan, Mexico, USA
Time period: Late Devonian to end Triassic
Size: 7.5 to 3 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Xenacanthus“‬Foreign spike”‬
Classification: ‬Order: Xenacanthida – Family: ‬Xenacanthidae
Locations: USA,‭ ‬Europe, and India
Time period: Late Devonian to end Triassic
Size: Up to 1‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Mastodonsaurus ‭”‬Breast tooth lizard‭”
Classification: Class: ‬Amphibia – ‬Order: Temnospondyli – Family: Mastodonsauridae
Time period: Triassic (Anisian to Rhaetian)
Known locations: England‭ ‬-‭ ‬Bromsgrove Sandstone Formation,‭ ‬Wales‭ ‬-‭ ‬Sully Beds Formation,‭ ‬Germany‭ ‬-‭ ‬Erfurt Formation,‭ Russia‭ ‬-‭ ‬Bukobay Formation
Size: 4‭ ‬to‭ ‬6‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Nothosaurus “False lizard
Classification: Family: Nothosauridae – Subfamily: Nothosaurinae
Time: Triassic (Anisian to Norian)
Locality: North Africa, Europe, and China
Size: 4 to 7 meters long.
Diet: Piscivore/Carnivore
Genus: Keichousaurus‭  “Keichow lizard
Classification: Order: Nothosauroidea, Family: Keichousauridae
Time: Triassic (Anisian to Norian)
Locality: China
Size: 15 to 30 centimeters long
Diet: Piscivore
Genus: Tanystropheus “Long strap
Classification: Family: Tanystrophidae
Time: Triassic (Anisian to Carnian)
Locality: Europe, Middle East and China
Size: 6 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Atopodentatus “‬unusual toothed”
Classification: Superorder: Sauropterygia
Time: Triassic (Anisian)
Locality: China, Yunnan Province, Luoping County, Guanling Formation
Size: 42.75 meters long.
Diet: Herbivore
Genus: Cynognathus “Dog jaw‭”‬
Classification: Clade: Synapsida – Clade: Therapsida – Family Cynognathia
Known locations: Antarctica,‭ ‬Argentina,‭ ‬China,‭ ‬South Africa
Time period: Triassic (Anisian)
Diet: Carnivore
Size: 1‭ ‬meter long

Africa and Middle East Anisian Stage Middle Triassic: 247.2 to 242.0 million years ago

Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Nothosaurus “False lizard
Classification: Family: Nothosauridae – Subfamily: Nothosaurinae
Time: Triassic (Anisian to Norian)
Locality: North Africa, Europe, and China
Size: 4 to 7 meters long.
Diet: Piscivore/Carnivore
Genus: Tanystropheus “Long strap
Classification: Family: Tanystrophidae
Time: Triassic (Anisian to Carnian)
Locality: Europe, Middle East and China
Size: 6 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Cynognathus “Dog jaw‭”‬.
Classification: Clade: Synapsida – Clade: Therapsida – Family Cynognathia
Known locations: Antarctica,‭ ‬Argentina,‭ ‬China,‭ ‬South Africa.
Time period: Triassic (Anisian).
Diet: Carnivore.
Size: 1‭ ‬meter long.

North American Anisian Stage Middle Triassic: 247.2 to 242.0 million years ago

Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Helicoprion “‬Spiral saw“‬
Classification: ‬Order: Eugeneodontida – Family: ‬Agassizodontidae
Locations: Australia, Canada, China, Japan, Mexico, USA
Time period: Late Devonian to end Triassic
Size: 7.5 to 3 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Orthacanthus Vertical spike“‬
Classification: Order: Xenacanthida -‭ ‬Family: Orthacanthidae
Locations: Europe and ‬North America
Time period: Devonian (Emsian) to Triassic (Carnian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬3‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Xenacanthus“‬Foreign spike”‬
Classification: ‬Order: Xenacanthida – Family: ‬Xenacanthidae
Locations: USA,‭ ‬Europe, and India
Time period: Late Devonian to end Triassic
Size: Up to 1‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore

Antartica and Australian East Anisian Stage Middle Triassic: 247.2 to 242.0 million years ago

Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Helicoprion “‬Spiral saw“‬
Classification: ‬Order: Eugeneodontida – Family: ‬Agassizodontidae
Locations: Australia, Canada, China, Japan, Mexico, USA
Time period: Late Devonian to end Triassic
Size: 7.5 to 3 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Cynognathus “Dog jaw‭”‬
Classification: Clade: Synapsida – Clade: Therapsida – Family Cynognathia
Known locations: Antarctica,‭ ‬Argentina,‭ ‬China,‭ ‬South Africa
Time period: Triassic (Anisian)
Diet: Carnivore
Size: 1‭ ‬meter long

Olenekian Age/Stage

Early Triassic: 251.2 to 247.2 million years ago

The Olenekian Stage was named in 1865 by Russian stratigraphers after Olenek in Siberia.

African Olenekian Stage Early Triassic: 251.2 to 247.2 million years ago

Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Lystrosaurus‭ “‬Shovel lizard‭”
Classification: Family: ‬Lystrosauridae
Known locations: South Africa, Antarctica,‭ ‬China,‭ ‬India,‭ ‬Mongolia, Russia
Time period: Late Permian to the Early Triassic
Type: Herbivore
Size: Between 0.6 and 2.5 meters long, average about 0.9 meters long
Genus: Kannemeyeria ‭”‬From Kanne‭”‬
Classification: Family:‭ ‬Kannemeyeriidae
Known locations: Africa,‭ ‬Asia,‭ ‬India,‭ ‬South America
Time period: Early Triassic (Olenekian to Anisian)
Diet: Herbivore
Size: 3‭ ‬meters long
Genus: Euparkeria “Parker’s good animals
Classification: Family: Euparkeriidae
Time: Early Triassic (Olenekian)
Locality: South Africa
Size: 60 centimeters long
Diet: Carnivore

Asian Olenekian Stage Early Triassic: 251.2 to 247.2 million years ago

Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Helicoprion “‬Spiral saw“‬
Classification: ‬Order: Eugeneodontida – Family: ‬Agassizodontidae
Locations: Australia, Canada, China, Japan, Mexico, USA
Time period: Late Devonian to end Triassic
Size: 7.5 to 3 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Xenacanthus“‬Foreign spike”‬
Classification: ‬Order: Xenacanthida – Family: ‬Xenacanthidae
Locations: USA,‭ ‬Europe, and India
Time period: Late Devonian to end Triassic
Size: Up to 1‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Kannemeyeria ‭”‬From Kanne‭”‬
Classification: Family:‭ ‬Kannemeyeriidae
Known locations: Africa,‭ ‬Asia,‭ ‬India,‭ ‬South America
Time period: Early Triassic (Olenekian to Anisian)
Diet: Herbivore
Size: 3‭ ‬meters long
Genus: Lystrosaurus‭ “‬Shovel lizard‭”
Classification: Family: ‬Lystrosauridae
Known locations: South Africa, Antarctica,‭ ‬China,‭ ‬India,‭ ‬Mongolia, Russia
Time period: Late Permian to the Early Triassic
Type: Herbivore
Size: Between 0.6 and 2.5 meters long, average about 0.9 meters long

South American Olenekian Stage Early Triassic: 251.2 to 247.2 million years ago

Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Kannemeyeria ‭”‬From Kanne‭”‬
Classification: Family:‭ ‬Kannemeyeriidae
Known locations: Africa,‭ ‬Asia,‭ ‬India,‭ ‬South America
Time period: Early Triassic (Olenekian to Anisian)
Diet: Herbivore
Size: 3‭ ‬meters long

North American Olenekian Stage Early Triassic: 251.2 to 247.2 million years ago

Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Helicoprion “‬Spiral saw“‬
Classification: ‬Order: Eugeneodontida – Family: ‬Agassizodontidae
Locations: Australia, Canada, China, Japan, Mexico, USA
Time period: Late Devonian to end Triassic
Size: 7.5 to 3 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Orthacanthus Vertical spike“‬
Classification: Order: Xenacanthida -‭ ‬Family: Orthacanthidae
Locations: Europe and ‬North America
Time period: Devonian (Emsian) to Triassic (Carnian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬3‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Xenacanthus“‬Foreign spike”‬
Classification: ‬Order: Xenacanthida – Family: ‬Xenacanthidae
Locations: USA,‭ ‬Europe, and India
Time period: Late Devonian to end Triassic
Size: Up to 1‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore

European Olenekian Stage Early Triassic: 251.2 to 247.2 million years ago

Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Orthacanthus Vertical spike“‬
Classification: Order: Xenacanthida -‭ ‬Family: Orthacanthidae
Locations: Europe and ‬North America
Time period: Devonian (Emsian) to Triassic (Carnian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬3‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Xenacanthus“‬Foreign spike”‬
Classification: ‬Order: Xenacanthida – Family: ‬Xenacanthidae
Locations: USA,‭ ‬Europe, and India
Time period: Late Devonian to end Triassic
Size: Up to 1‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore

Antartica and Ausralian Olenekian Stage Early Triassic: 251.2 to 247.2 million years ago

Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Helicoprion “‬Spiral saw“‬
Classification: ‬Order: Eugeneodontida – Family: ‬Agassizodontidae
Locations: Australia, Canada, China, Japan, Mexico, USA
Time period: Late Devonian to end Triassic
Size: 7.5 to 3 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Lystrosaurus‭ “‬Shovel lizard‭”
Classification: Family: ‬Lystrosauridae
Known locations: South Africa, Antarctica,‭ ‬China,‭ ‬India,‭ ‬Mongolia, Russia
Time period: Late Permian to the Early Triassic
Type: Herbivore
Size: Between 0.6 and 2.5 meters long, average about 0.9 meters long

Induan Age/Stage

Early Triassic: 251.902 to 251.2 million years ago

The Induan Stage was named in 1865 by Soviet paleontologist Lubov D. Kiparisova and Yurij N. Popov after the Indus River.

Asian Induan Stage Early Triassic: 251.902 to 251.2 million years ago

Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Orthacanthus Vertical spike“‬
Classification: Order: Xenacanthida -‭ ‬Family: Orthacanthidae
Locations: Europe and ‬North America
Time period: Devonian (Emsian) to Triassic (Carnian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬3‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Xenacanthus“‬Foreign spike”‬
Classification: ‬Order: Xenacanthida – Family: ‬Xenacanthidae
Locations: USA,‭ ‬Europe, and India
Time period: Late Devonian to end Triassic
Size: Up to 1‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Proterosuchus‭ early crocodile
Classification: Family: Proterosuchidae
Time: Early Triassic (Induan)
Locality: China and South Africa
Size: 3.5 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Kannemeyeria ‭”‬From Kanne‭”‬
Classification: Family:‭ ‬Kannemeyeriidae
Known locations: Africa,‭ ‬Asia,‭ ‬India,‭ ‬South America
Time period: Early Triassic (Olenekian to Anisian)
Diet: Herbivore
Size: 3‭ ‬meters long
Genus: Lystrosaurus‭ “‬Shovel lizard‭”
Classification: Family: ‬Lystrosauridae
Known locations: South Africa, Antarctica,‭ ‬China,‭ ‬India,‭ ‬Mongolia, Russia
Time period: Late Permian to the Early Triassic
Type: Herbivore
Size: Between 0.6 and 2.5 meters long, average about 0.9 meters long

African Induan Stage Early Triassic: 251.902 to 251.2 million years ago

Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Proterosuchus‭ early crocodile
Classification: Family: Proterosuchidae
Time: Early Triassic (Induan)
Locality: China and South Africa
Size: 3.5 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Lystrosaurus‭ “‬Shovel lizard‭”
Classification: Family: ‬Lystrosauridae
Known locations: South Africa, Antarctica,‭ ‬China,‭ ‬India,‭ ‬Mongolia, Russia
Time period: Late Permian to the Early Triassic
Type: Herbivore
Size: Between 0.6 and 2.5 meters long, average about 0.9 meters long
Genus: Kannemeyeria ‭”‬From Kanne‭”‬
Classification: Family:‭ ‬Kannemeyeriidae
Known locations: Africa,‭ ‬Asia,‭ ‬India,‭ ‬South America
Time period: Early Triassic (Olenekian to Anisian)
Diet: Herbivore
Size: 3‭ ‬meters long

South American Induan Stage Early Triassic: 251.902 to 251.2 million years ago

Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Kannemeyeria ‭”‬From Kanne‭”‬
Classification: Family:‭ ‬Kannemeyeriidae
Known locations: Africa,‭ ‬Asia,‭ ‬India,‭ ‬South America
Time period: Early Triassic (Olenekian to Anisian)
Diet: Herbivore
Size: 3‭ ‬meters long

North American Induan Stage Early Triassic: 251.902 to 251.2 million years ago

Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Helicoprion “‬Spiral saw“‬
Classification: ‬Order: Eugeneodontida – Family: ‬Agassizodontidae
Locations: Australia, Canada, China, Japan, Mexico, USA
Time period: Late Devonian to end Triassic
Size: 7.5 to 3 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Orthacanthus Vertical spike“‬
Classification: Order: Xenacanthida -‭ ‬Family: Orthacanthidae
Locations: Europe and ‬North America
Time period: Devonian (Emsian) to Triassic (Carnian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬3‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Xenacanthus“‬Foreign spike”‬
Classification: ‬Order: Xenacanthida – Family: ‬Xenacanthidae
Locations: USA,‭ ‬Europe, and India
Time period: Late Devonian to end Triassic
Size: Up to 1‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore

European Induan Stage Early Triassic: 251.902 to 251.2 million years ago

Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Orthacanthus Vertical spike“‬
Classification: Order: Xenacanthida -‭ ‬Family: Orthacanthidae
Locations: Europe and ‬North America
Time period: Devonian (Emsian) to Triassic (Carnian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬3‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Xenacanthus“‬Foreign spike”‬
Classification: ‬Order: Xenacanthida – Family: ‬Xenacanthidae
Locations: USA,‭ ‬Europe, and India
Time period: Late Devonian to end Triassic
Size: Up to 1‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore

Antartica and Austarlian Induan Stage Early Triassic: 251.902 to 251.2 million years ago

Common name: Ammonite
Classification: Suborder: Ammonitida – Suborder: Ammonoidae
Locality:
Worldwide
Time range: Devonian to End Cretaceous
Genus: Hybodus Humped tooth“‬
Classification: Order: Hybodontiformes -‭ ‬Family: Hybodontidae
Locations: Worldwide
Time period: Permian (Changhsingian) to Cretaceous (Berriasian)
Size: Up to‭ ‬2‭ ‬meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Helicoprion “‬Spiral saw“‬
Classification: ‬Order: Eugeneodontida – Family: ‬Agassizodontidae
Locations: Australia, Canada, China, Japan, Mexico, USA
Time period: Late Devonian to end Triassic
Size: 7.5 to 3 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Lystrosaurus‭ “‬Shovel lizard‭”
Classification: Family: ‬Lystrosauridae
Known locations: South Africa, Antarctica,‭ ‬China,‭ ‬India,‭ ‬Mongolia, Russia
Time period: Late Permian to the Early Triassic
Type: Herbivore
Size: Between 0.6 and 2.5 meters long, average about 0.9 meters long

<< Back to the Permian Period

Geology Time Scale Homepage

Next to Jurassic Period >>