Prehistoric Models: Theropoda
Theropod meaning “beast footed” are a diverse group of dinosaurs that are primarily carnivourous (meat eating). Based on their hip structures, theropods are classified as saurischian (lizard hip) along with the long necked sauropods. Some of the most famous of this group are Tyrannosaurus rex, Velociraptor, Allosaurus and Spinosaurus.
BASAL THEROPODS
Kingdom: Animalia – Phylum: Chordata – Class: Reptilia – Clade: Dinosauria – Order: Saurischia – Suborder: Theropoda – Clade: Neotheropoda
Genus: Tawa “Named after the Puebloan sun god”
Genus pronounced: Tah-wah
Species: T. hallae (type)
Named by: Sterling J. Nesbitt et al -2009
Classification: Order: Theropoda
Time: Late Triassic (Norian)
Locality: USA, New Mexico – Chinle Formation, Ghost Ranch
Size: 2 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Coelophysis “Hollow form”
Genus pronounced: See-lo-fie-sis
Species: C. bauri (type), C. kayentakatae, C. rhodesiensis. Possibly C. holyokensis
Named by: Edward Drinker Cope – 1889
Classification: Family: Coelophysidae
Time: Late Triassic (Carnian to Norian)
Locality: USA, New Mexico and Arizona
Size: 3 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Liliensternus “Ruhle” von Lilienstern’s one”
Genus pronounced: “Lil-e-en-ster-nus
Species: L. liliensterni (type)
Named by: Samuel Paul Welles – 1984
Classification: Family: Coelophysidae
Time: Late Triassic (Norian)
Locality: Germany – Trossingen Formation
Size: 5.15 meters long
Diet: Caenivore
Genus: Cryolophosaurus “Cold crest lizard”
Genus pronounced: Cry-oh-low-foe-sor-us
Species: C. ellioti (type)
Named by: William R. Hammer and William J. Hickersom -1994
Classification: Family: Dilophosauridae
Time: Early Jurassic (Pliensbachian)
Locality: Antarctica – Hanson Formation
Size: 6.5 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Dilophosaurus “Two crested lizard”
Genus pronounced: Di-lo-fo-sore-us
Species: D. wetherilli (type)
Named by: Samuel Paul Welles – 1970
Classification: Family: Dilophosauridae
Time: Early Jurassic (Sinemurian)
Locality: USA, Arizona – Kayenta Formation
Size: 6 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Dilophosaurus “Two crested lizard”
Genus pronounced: Di-lo-fo-sore-us
Species: Jurassic Park “Dilophosaurus”
Named by: Samuel Paul Welles – 1970
CLassification: Family: Dilophosauridae
Time: Holocene
Locality: Isla Numblar, Coasta Rica
Size: 6 meters lon
Diet: Carnivore
CERATOSAURS
Kingdom: Animalia – Phylum: Chordata – Class: Reptilia – Clade: Dinosauria – Order: Saurischia – Suborder: Theropoda – Clade: Neotheropoda – Infraorder: Ceratosauria
Genus: Ceratosaurus “Horned lizard”
Genus pronounced: See-rat-oh-sire-us
Species: C. nasicornis (type), C. dentisulcatus, C. magnicornis, C. stechowi
Named by: Othniel Charles Marsh – 1884
lassification: Family: Ceratosauridae
Time: Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian to Tithonian)
Locality: USA, Morrison Formation, Portugal. Tanzania.
Size: 6 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Genyodectes “Jaw biter”
Genus pronounced: Jen-yo-dek-teez
Species: G. serus (type)
Named by: Arthur S. Woodward - 1901
Classification: Family: Ceratosauridae
Time: Early Cretaceous (Aptian/Albian?)
Locality: Argentina - Cerro Barcino Formation, Cerro Castaño Member
Size: Unknown meters long – only partial skull found
Diet: Carnivore
ABELISAURS
Kingdom: Animalia – Phylum: Chordata – Class: Reptilia – Clade: Dinosauria – Order: Saurischia – Suborder: Theropoda – Clade: Neotheropoda – Family: Abelisauridae
Genus: Carnotaurus “Meat eating bull”
Genus pronounced: Car-no-tore-us
Species: C. sastrei (type)
Named by: Jose Bonaparte – 1985
Classification: Subfamily: Carnotaurinae
Time: Late Cretaceous (Campanian to Maastrichtian)
Locality: Argentina, Chubut Province – La Colonia Formation
Size: 8 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Rajasaurus”Princely lizard”
Genus pronounced: Rah-jah-sore-us
Species: R. narmadensis (type)
Named by: J. A. Wilson, P. C. Sereno, S. Srivastava, D. K. Bhatt, A. Khosla, and A. Sahni – 2003
Classification: Subfamily: Carnotaurinae
Time: Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)
Locality: India – Lameta Formation
Size: 6 to 9 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Rugops “Wrinkle face”
Genus pronounced: Roo-gops
Species: R. primus (type)
Named by: P. C. Sereno, J. A. Wilson, and J. L. Conrad – 2004
Classification: Subfamily: Carnotaurinae
Time: Cretaceous (Cenomanian)
Locality: Africa, Niger – Echkar Formation
Size: 5 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Quilmesaurus
Genus pronounced: Kwil-me-sor-us
Species: Q. curriei (type)
Named by:R. A. Coria - 2001
Classification: Subfamily: Carnotaurinae
Time: Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Locality: Argentina - Allen Formation
Size: Estimated 4.5 to 5 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Skorpiovenator “Scorpion hunter“
Genus pronounced: Skor-pee-oh-ven-ah-tor
Species: S. bustingorryi (type)
Named by: Canale et al – 2009
Classification: Subfamily: Carnotaurinae
Time: Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian )
Locality: Argentina – Huincul Formation
Size: 6 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Majungasaurus “Majunga dome lizard“
Genus pronounced: Ma-jung-ah-thole-us
Species: M. crenatissimus (type)
Named by: Rene Lavocat – 1955
Classification: Subfamily: Carnotaurinae
Time: Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)
Locality: Madagascar – Maevarano Formation
Size: 7 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Masiakasaurus“Vicious lizard”
Genus pronounced: Mah-shee-ah-kah-sore-us
Species: M. knopfleri (type)
Named by: Scott D. Sampsom, Matthew Carrano, and Catherine A. Forster – 2001
Classification: Family: Noasauridae
Time: Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)
Locality: Madagascar, Maevarano Formation
Size: 1.8 to 2 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Deltadromeus “Delta runner”
Genus pronounced: Del-tah-dor-me-us
Species: D. agilis (type)
Named by: Paul Sereno et al. – 1996
Classification: Family: Noasauridae
Time: Cretaceous (Cenomanian)
Locality: Morocco – Bahariya Formation and Kem Kem Beds
Size: 8 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Tetanurae
Kingdom: Animalia – Phylum: Chordata – Class: Reptilia – Clade: Dinosauria – Order: Saurischia? – Suborder: Theropoda? – Clade: Neotheropoda? – Clade: Tetanurae?
Genus: Chilesaurus “Chile lizard”
Genus pronounced: Chill- e-sore-us
Species: C. diegosuarezi (type)
Named by: F. E. Novas, L. Salgado, M. Suárez, F. L. Agnolín, M. D. Ezcurra, N. R. Chimento, R. Cruz, M. P. Isasi, A. O. Vargas & D. Rubilar-Rogers - 2015
Classification: Unsure?
Time: Jurassic (Tithonian)
Locality: Chile – Togui Formation
Size: 3.2 meters long
Diet: Herbivore
MEGALOSAURS
Kingdom: Animalia – Phylum: Chordata – Class: Reptilia – Clade: Dinosauria – Order: Saurischia – Suborder: Theropoda – Clade: Neotheropoda – Clade: Tetanurae – Clade: Orionides – Superfamily Megalosauroidea
Genus: Moolophosaurus “Single crested lizard”
Genus pronounced: Mon-o-low-fo-sore-us
Species: M. jiangi (type)
Named by: Zhao and Currie – 1993
Classification: Family Megalosauridae
Time: Early Jurassic (Callovian)
Locality: China, Xinjiang – Shishugou Formation
Size: 5 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Megalosaurus “Great lizard”
Genus pronounced: Meg-ah-lo-sore-us
Species: M. bucklandii (type)
Named by: William Buckland -1824, Gideon Mattell – 1827
Classification: Family Megalosauridae
Time: Jurassic (Bathonian)
Locality: England
Size: 9 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Eustreptospondylus “Well curved vertebra”
Genus pronounced: Yoo-strp-to-spon-di-lus
Species: E. oxoniensis (type)
Named by: Alick Walker – 1964
Classification: Family Megalosauridae
Time: Jurassic (Callovian)
Locality: England
Size: 4.6-6 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Sciurumimus “squirrel mimic”
Genus pronounced: Se-ur-u-my-mus
Species: S. albersdoerferi (type)
Named by: Oliver W. M. Rauhut, Christian Foth, Helmut Tischlinger, Mark A. Norell - 2012
Classification: Family Megalosauridae
Time: Jurassic (Kimmeridgian)
Locality: Germany – Rygol Quarry
Size: 70 centimetres long for the holotype, but this is of a juvenile, adults would have grown bigger
Diet: Carnivore/Insectivore?
Genus: Afroventor “African hunter”
Genus pronounced: Af-ro-vee-nay-tor
Species: A. abakensis (type)
Named by: Paul Sereno, Jeffrey Wilson, Hans Larsson, Didier Dutheil, and Hans-Dieter Sues – 1994
Classification: Family Megalosauridae
Time: Cretaceous (Hauterivian to Barremian)
Locality: Africa, Niger, Abaka – Tiouraren Formation
Size: 7 to 8 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
SPINOSAURS
Kingdom: Animalia – Phylum: Chordata – Class: Reptilia – Clade: Dinosauria – Order: Saurischia – Suborder: Theropoda – Clade: Neotheropoda – Clade: Tetanurae – Clade: Orionides – Superfamily: Megalosauroidea – Family Spinosauridae
Genus: Ichthyovenator “Fish hunter”
Genus pronounced: Ik-thee-o-ven-ah-tor
Species: I. laosensis (type)
Named by: Ronan Allain, Tiengkham Xeisanavong, Philippe Richir, and Bounsou Khentavonh – 2012
Classification: Subfamily: Baryonychinae
Time: Early Cretaceous (Aptian)
Locality: Laos, Savannakhet Province – Gres superieurs Formation
Size: 7.5 to 9 meters long
Diet: Piscivore
Genus: Baryonyx “Heavy claw”
Genus pronounced: Bah-ree-on-ix
Species: B. walkeri (type)
Named by: Alan Charig and Angela Milner – 1986
Classification: Subfamily: Baryonychinae
Time: Early Cretaceous (Hauterivian to Barremian)
Locality: England, Surrey. Spain. Porugal. Possibly North Africa.
Size: 9 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Suchomimus “Crocodile mimic”
Genus pronounced: Su-ko-mie-mus
Species: S. tenerensis (type)
Named by: Paul Sereno et ai. – 1998
Classification: Subfamily: Baryonychinae
Time: Early Cretaceous (Aptian)
Locality: Niger – Elhraz Formation
Size: 10 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Irritator “Irritation”
Genus pronounced: Ih-re-tay-tor
Species: I. challengeri (type)
Named by: D. M. Martill, A. R. I. Cruikshank, E. Frey, P. G. Small, and M. Clarke – 1996
Classification: Subfamily: Spinosaurinae
Time: Early Cretaceous (Albian)
Locality: Brazil – probably the Santana Formation
Size: 8 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Spinosaurus “Spine lizard”
Genus pronounced: Spine-oh-sore-0-us
Species: S. aegyptiacus (type), possibly S. maroccanus
Named by: Ernst Stromer – 1915
Classification: Subfamily: Spinosaurinae
Time: Cretaceous (Albian to Cenomanian)
Locality: North Africa, particularly Egypt – Bahariya Formation, and Morocco – Kem Kem Beds
Size: 12.6 to 18 meters long
Diet: Piscivore/Carnivore
Genus: Spinosaurus “Spine lizard”
Genus pronounced: Spine-oh-sore-0-us
Species: Jurassic Park “Spinosaurus”
Named by: Ernst Stromer – 1915
Classification: Subfamily: Spinosaurinae
Time: Holocene
Locality: Isla Sorna, Coasta Rica
Size: 12.6 to 18 meters long
Diet: Piscivore/Carnivore
Genus: Siamosaurus
Genus pronounced: Sy-am-o-sore-us
Species: S. suteethorni (type)
Named by:Buffetaut & Ingavat - 1986
Classification: Subfamily: Spinosauridae
Time: Early Cretaceous (Barremian to Aptian)
Locality: Thailand
Size: Unknown meters long – known for teeth
Diet: Piscivore/Carnivore
CARNOSAURS
Kingdom: Animalia – Phylum: Chordata – Class: Reptilia – Clade: Dinosauria – Order: Saurischia – Suborder: Theropoda – Clade: Neotheropoda – Clade: Tetanurae – Clade: Orionides – Clade: Avetheropoda – Clade: Avetheropoda – Infraorder: Carnosauria
Genus: Becklespinax “Beckle’s spine”
Genus pronounced: Beck-el-spy-nax
Species: B. altispinax (type)
Named by: George Olshevsky – 1991
Classification: Infraorder: Carnosauria
Time: Early Cretaceous
Locality: England – Sussex
Size: 8 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Allosaurus “Different lizard”
Genus pronounced: Al-loh-sore-us
Species: A. fragilis (type), A. europaeus, A. jimmadseni
Named by: Othniel Charles Marsh – 1877
Classification: Superfamily: Allosauroidea – Family: Allosauridae
Time: Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian to Tithonian)
Locality: USA, Portugal, possibly Tanzania
Size: 8.5 to 12 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Saurophaganax “Lizard-eating master”
Genus pronounced: Sore-oh-fag-ah-nax
Species: S. maximus (type)
Named by: Daniel Chure – 1995
Classification: Subperfamily: Allosauroidea – Family: Allosauridae
Time: Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian)
Locality: USA, Oklahoma – Morrison Formation. Possbily New Mexico as well
Size: 13 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Metriacanthosaurus “Moderately spined lizards”
Genus pronounced: Met-ree-ah-can-thoe-sore-us
Species: M. parkeri (type)
Named by: Alick Walker – 1964
Classification: Subperfamily: Allosauroidea – Family: Metriacanthosauridae
Time: Middle Jurassic (Oxfordian)
Locality: England – Oxford Clay
Size: 6 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Yangchuanosaurus “Yangchuan lizard”
Genus pronounced: Yang-chwan-oh-sore-us
Species: Y. shangyouensis (type), Y. zigongensis
Named by: Dong et al - 1978
Classifiaction: Superfamily: Allosauridea – Family: Metriacanthosauridae
Time: Jurassic (Bathonian to Callovian)
Locality: China – Shaximiao Formation
Size: 10.8 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Sinraptor “Chinese thief”
Genus pronounced: Sin-rap-tor
Species: S. dongi (type), S. hepingensis
Named by: Currie and Zhao – 1994
Classification: Infraorder: Carnosauria – Subperfamily: Allosauroidea – Family: Sinraptoridae
Time: Late Jurassic
Locality: China – Shishugou Formation
Size: 7.6 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Lourinhanosaurus “Lourinha lizard”
Genus pronounced: Lore-in-han-o-sore-us
Species: L. antunesi (type)
Named by: Mateus – 1998
Classification: Subperfamily: Allosauroidea – Family: Sinraptoridae
Time: Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian to Tithonian)
Locality: Portugal – Lourinha Formation
Size: 4.5-8 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
CARCHARODONTOSAURS
Kingdom: Animalia – Phylum: Chordata – Class: Reptilia – Clade: Dinosauria – Order: Saurischia – Suborder: Theropoda – Clade: Neotheropoda – Clade: Tetanurae – Clade: Orionides – Clade: Avetheropoda – Clade: Avetheropoda – Infraorder: Carnosauria – Superfamily: Allosauroidea – Clade: Carcharodontosauria
Genus: Giganotosaurus “Giant southern lizard”
Genus pronounced: Gee-gah-note-oh-sore-us
Species: G. carolinii (type)
Named by: Rodolfo Coria and Leonard Salagado – 1995
Classification: Clade: Carcharodontosauria – Family: Carcharodontosauridae
Time: Cretaceous (Cenomanian)
Locality: Argentina – Candeleros Formation
Size: 12 to 13 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Carcharodontosaurus “Shark toothed lizard”
Genus pronounced: Car-kah-roe-don-to-sore-us
Species: C. saharicus (type), C. iguidensis
Named by: Ernst Stromer – 1931
Classification: Clade: Carcharodontosauria – Family: Carcharodontosauridae
Time: Cretaceous (Albian to Cenomanian)
Locality: Algeria – Continental Intercalaire Formaton, Brazil – Alcantara Formation?, Egypt – Baharije Formation, Mut Formation, Morocco – Aoufous Formation, Kem Kem Formation, Niger – Continental Intercalaire Formation, Echkar Fomation, and Tunisia – Chenini Formation, Continental Intercalaire Formation.
Size: 12 to 13 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Mapusaurus “Earth lizard”
Genus pronounced: Mah-puh-sore-us
Species: M. roseae (type)
Named by: Rodolfo Coria and Philip J. Currie – 2006
Classification: Clade: Carcharodontosauris – Family: Carcharodontosauridae
Time: Cretaceous (Cenomanian)
Locality: Argentina – Huincul Formation
Size: 10.2 to 12.6 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Acrocanthosaurus “High spined lizard”
Genus pronounced: Ak-row-can-fo-sore-us
Species: A. atokensis (type)
Named by: John Willis Stovall and Wann Langston,. Jr – 1950
Classification: Clade: Carcharodontosauria – Family: Carcharodontosauridae
Time: Cretaceous (Aptian to Albian)
Locality: USA, Oklahoma, Antlers Formation, and the Texas, Twin Mountains Formation
Size: 11.5 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Eocarcharia “Dawn shark“
Genus pronounced: E-oh-kar-ka-ree-ah
Species: E. dinops (type)
Named by:P. C. Sereno & S. L. Brusatte - 2008
Classification: Clade: Carcharodontosauria – Family: Carcharodontosauridae
Time: Cretaceous (Aptian to Albian)
Locality: Niger - Elrhaz Formation
Size: 6 to 8 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Concavenator “Hump backed hunter from Cuenca”
Genus pronounced: Con-ca-ven-ah-tor
Species: C. corocovatus (type)
Named by: Francisco Ortega, Fernando Escaso, and Jose Luis Sanz – 2010
Classification: Clade: Carcharodontosauria – Family: Carcharodontosauridae
Time: Cretaceous (Barremian)
Locality: Spain, Las Hoyas – La Huerguina Formation
Size: 5.8 to 6 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Neovenator “New hunter”
Genus pronounced: Nee-oh-ven-ah-tor
Species: N. salerii (type)
Named by: Hutt, Martill and Barker – 1996
Classification: Clade: Carcharodontosauria – Family: Neovenatoridae
Time: Cretaceous (Barremian)
Locality: United Kingdom, Isle of Wright
Size: 7.5 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
NEOVENATOR/MEGARAPTORS?
Kingdom: Animalia – Phylum: Chordata – Class: Reptilia – Clade: Dinosauria – Order: Saurischia – Suborder: Theropoda – Clade: Neotheropoda – Clade: Tetanurae – Clade: Orionides – Clade: Avetheropoda – Clade: Megaraptora
Genus: Australovenator “Southern hunter”
Genus pronounced: Aw-strah-low-ven-ah-tor
Species: A. wintonensis (type)
Named by: Scott Kocknull et al. 2009
Classification: Clade: Megaraptora – Family: Megaraptoridae
Time: Cretaceous (Aptian)
Locality: Australia, Queensland, Winton Formation
Size: 6 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Fukuiraptor “Fukui thief”
Genus pronounced: Foo-kwee-rap-tor
Species: F. kitadaniensis (type)
Named by: Azuma and Currie – 2000
Classification: Clade: Megaraptora
Time: Cretaceous (Barremian)
Locality: Japan, Honshu Island, Fukui Prefecture – Kitadani Formation
Size: 4.2 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Siats “after a creature from Ute Native American Mythology“
Genus pronounced: Se-ats
Species: S. meekerorum (type)
Named by: L. E. Zanno & P. J. Makovicky - 2013
Classification: Family: Neovenatoridae – Clade: Megaraptora?
Time: Cretaceous (Cenomanian)
Locality: USA, Utah - Cedar Mountain Formation
Size: 9 to 12 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Megaraptor “Giant Thief“
Genus pronounced: Meg-ah-rap-tor
Species: M. namunhuaiquii (type)
Named by: Novas - 1998
Classification: Family: Neovenatoridae – Clade: Megaraptora
Time: Late Cretaceous (Turonian)
Locality: Argentina – Portezuelo Formation
Size: 8 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
COELUROSAURS
Kingdom: Animalia – Phylum: Chordata – Class: Reptilia – Clade: Dinosauria – Order: Saurischia – Suborder: Theropoda – Clade: Neotheropoda – Clade: Tetanurae – Clade: Orionides – Clade: Avetheropoda – Infraorder: Coelurosauria
Genus: Coelurus “Hollow tail”
Genus pronounced: See-lur-us
Species: C. fragilis (type)
Named by: Othniel Charles Marsh – 1879
Classification: Family: Coeluridae
Time: Jurassic (Kimmeridgian)
Locality: USA, Wyoming – Morrison Formation
Size: 2.4 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Compsognathus “Pretty jaw”
Genus pronounced: Komp-sog-nath-us
Species: C. longipes (type)
Named by: Johann Andreas Wagner – 1861
Classification: Family: Compsognathidae
Time: Jurassic (Tithonian)
Locality: Germany, France, Possibly Portugal
Size: 125 centimeters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Sinosauropteryx “Chinese lizard wing”
Genus pronounced: Sigh-no-sore-op-eh-ryx
Species: S. prima (type)
Named by: Ji, Q. and Ji, S. – 1996
Classification: Family: Compsognathidae
Time: Cretaceous (Barremian to Aptian)
Locality: China, Liaoning Province – Yixian Formation
Size: 107 centimeters long
Diet: Carnivore
TYRANNOSAURS
Kingdom: Animalia – Phylum: Chordata – Class: Reptilia – Clade: Dinosauria – Order: Saurischia – Suborder: Theropoda – Clade: Neotheropoda – Clade: Tetanurae – Clade: Orionides – Clade: Avetheropoda – Clade: Avetheropoda – Infraorder: Coelurosauria – Superfamily: Tyrannosauroidea
Genus: Proceratosaurus “Before Ceratosaurus”
Genus pronounced: Pro-se-rat-o-sore-us
Species: P. bradleyi (type)
Named by: Friedrich von Huene – 1926
Classification: Family: Proceratosauridae
Time: Jurassic (Bathonian)
Locality: England, Gloucestershire, Minchinhampton
Size: 3 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Guanlong “Crown dragon”
Genus pronounced: Gwon-long
Species: G. wucaii (type)
Named by: Xu et al. – 2006
Classification: Family: Proceratosauridae
Time: Jurassic (Oxfordian)
Locality: China – Shishugou Formation
Size: 3 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Sinotyrannus “Chinese tyrant”
Genus pronounced: Sigh-noe-tie-ran-nus
Species: S. kazuoensis (type)
Named by:Q. Ji, S. A. Ji & L.-J.Zhang – 2009
Classification: Superfamily: Proceratosauroidea
Time: Cretaceous (Aptian)
Locality: China, Liaoning Province - Jiufotang Formation
Size: 9 to 10 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Yutyrannus “Feathered tyrant”
Genus pronounced: You-ty-ran-nus
Species: Y. huali (type)
Named by: Xu Xing, Wang Kebai, Zhang Ke, Ma Qingju, Xing Lida, Corwin Sullivan, Hu Dongyu, Cheng Shuqing & Wang Shuo - 2012.
Classification: Superfamily: Tyrannosauroidea
Time: Cretaceous (Aptian)
Locality: China, Liaoning Province – Yixian Formation
Size: 9 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Dilong “Emperor dragon”
Genus pronounced: Die-long
Species: D. paradoxus
Named by: Xu Xing et al. – 2004
Classification: Superfamily: Tyrannosauroidea
Time: Cretaceous (Barremian)
Locality: China, Liaoning Province, Yixian Formation
Size: 2 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Eotyrannus “Dawn Tyrant”
Genus pronounced: E-oh-ty-ran-us
Species: E. lengi (type)
Named by: Steve Hutt et al. – 2001
Classification: Superfamily: Tyrannosauroidea
Time: Cretaceous (Barremian)
Locality: United Kingdom, Isle of Wight – Wessex Formation
Size: 4 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Xiongguanlong “Xiongguan dragon”
Genus pronounced: Zhong-gwan-long
Species: X. baimoensis (type)
Named by: Li et al. – 2009
Classification: Superfamily: Tyrannosauroidea
Time: Cretaceous (Aptian to Albian)
Locality: China, Gansu Province
Size: 4 to 4.5 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Dryptosaurus “Tearing lizard“
Genus pronounced: Drip-toe-sore-us
Species: D. aquilunguis (type)
Named by:Othniel Charles Marsh - 1877 (Originally named by Edward Drinker Cope in 1866 as Laelaps aquilunguis)
Classification: Superfamily: Tyrannosauroidea – Family:Dryptosauridae
Time: Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)
Locality: Eastern USA
Size: 7.5 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Bistahieversor “Bistahi Destroyer”
Genus pronounced: Bis-tah-hee-eh-ver-sore
Species: B. sealeyi (type)
Named by: Thomas Carr and Thomas Williamson – 2010
Classification: Superfamily: Tyrannosauroidea
Time: Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
Locality: USA, New Mexico – Kirkland Formation
Size: 9 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Gorgosaurus “Fierce lizard”
Genus pronounced: Gor-go-sore-us
Species: G. libratus (type)
Named by: Lawrence Lambe – 1914
Classification: Family: Tyrannosauridae – Subfamily: Albertosaurinae
Time: Cretaceous (Campanian)
Locality: Canada, Alberta and possibly US state of Mantana
Size: 8 to 9 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Albertosaurus “Alberta lizard”
Genus pronounced: Al-ber-to-sore-us
Species: A. sarcpohagus (type)
Named by: Henry Fairfield Osborn – 1905
lassification: Family: Tyrannosauridae – Subfamily: Albertosaurinae
Time: Cretaceous (Campanian)
Locality: USA and Canada
Size: 10 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Qianzhousaurus “Ganzhou lizard”
Genus pronounced: Ke-an-su-sor-us
Species: Q. sinensis (type)
Named by: J. Lu, L. Yi, and S. L. Brusatte, L., Yang, H. Li, & L. Chen - 2014
Classification: Family: Tyrannosauridae – Subfamily: Tyrannosaurinae
Time: Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)
Locality: China – Nanxiong Formation
Size: 6.3 – 7 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Alioramus “Different branch”
Genus pronounced: Ah-lee-oh-ray-mus
Species: A. remotus (type), A. altai
Named by: Sergei Kurzanov – 1976
Classification: Family: Tyrannosauridae
Time: Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)
Locality: Mongolia
Size: 6 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Lythronax “Gore king”
Genus pronounced: Ly-fron-ax
Species: L. argestes (type)
Named by: M. A. Loewen, R. B. Irmis, J. J. W. Sertich, P. J. Currie & S. D. Sampson - 2013
Classification: Family: Tyrannosauridae – Subfamily: Tyrannosaurinae
Time: Cretaceous (Early Campanian)
Locality: USA, Utah – Kaiparowits Formation
Size: 7.3 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Daspletosaurus “Frightful lizard”
Genus pronounced: Das-pleet-oh-sore-us
Species: D. torosus (type), D. horneri
Named by: Dale Alan Russel – 1970
Classification: Family: Tyrannosauridae
Time: Cretaceous (Campanian)
Locality: Canada, Alberta, Judith River Group - USA, Montana, Judith River Formation
Size: 8 to 9 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Tarbosaurus “Terrifying lizard”
Genus pronounced: Tar-bo-sore-us
Species: T. bataar (type)
Named by: Evgeny Maleev – 1955
Classification: Family: Tyrannosauridae – Subfamily: Tyrannosaurinae
Time: Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)
Locality: Mongolia
Size: 10 to 12 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Tyrannosaurus “Tyrant lizard”
Genus pronounced: Ty-ran-no-sore-us
Species: T. rex (type)
Named by: Henry Fairfield Osborn – 1905
Classification: Family: Tyrannosauridae
Time: Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)
Locality: Western North America
Size: 12.3 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Moros “ancient Greek for ‘impending doom’“
Genus pronounced: Mo-ross
Species: M. intrepidus (type)
Named by: Lindsay E. Zanno, Ryan T. Tucker, Aurore Canoville, Haviv M. Avrahami, Terry A. Gates & Peter J. Makovicky - 2019
Classification: Family: Tyrannosauridae
Time: Cretaceous (Cenomanian )
Locality: USA, Utah - Cedar Mountain Formation
Size: 6 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
ORNITHOMIMOSAURS
Kingdom: Animalia – Phylum: Chordata – Class: Reptilia – Clade: Dinosauria – Order: Saurischia – Suborder: Theropoda – Clade: Neotheropoda – Clade: Tetanurae – Clade: Orionides – Clade: Avetheropoda – Clade: Avetheropoda – Infraorder: Coelurosauria – Clade: Ornithomimosauria
Genus: Gallimimus “Chicken mimic”
Genus pronounced: Gal-lee-mine-us
Species: G. bullatus (type)
Named by: Halszka Osmólska, Ewa Roniewics & Rinchen Barsbold - 1972.
Classification: Family: Ornithomimidae
Time: Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)
Locality: ongolia – Nemegt Formation
Size: 8 meters long
Diet: Omnivore?
Genus: Struthiomimus “Ostrich mimic”
Genus pronounced: Stru-fee-oh-mine-us
Species: S. altus (type), S. sedens
Named by: Henry Fairfield Osborn – 1917
Classification: Family: Ornithomimidae
Time: Cretaceous (Late Campanian to Early Maastrichtian)
Locality: Canada, Alberta - Dinosaur Park Formation and Horseshoe Canyon Formation. USA - Hell Creek Formation.
Size: 4.3 meters long
Diet: Omnivore?
Genus: Ornithomimus “Bird mimic”
Genus pronounced: Or-nith- oh-mine-us
Species: O. velox (type), O. edmontonicus
Named by: Othniel Charles Marsh – 1890
Classification: Family: Ornithomimidae
Time: Cretaceous (Campanian to Maastrichtian)
Locality: USA and Canada
Size: 3.8 meters long
Diet: Omnivore?
Genus: Deinocheirus “Terrible hand”
Genus pronounced: Die-noe-ky-rus
Species: D. mirificus (type)
Named by: Osmolska and Roniewicz – 1970
Classification: Family: Deinocheiridae
Time: Cretaceous (Campanian to Maastrichtian)
Locality: Mongolia, Nemegt Formation
Size: 10 to 11 meters long
Diet: Omnivore?
MANIRAPTORS
Kingdom: Animalia – Phylum: Chordata – Class: Reptilia – Clade: Dinosauria – Order: Saurischia – Suborder: Theropoda – Clade: Neotheropoda – Clade: Tetanurae – Clade: Orionides – Clade: Avetheropoda – Clade: Avetheropoda – Infraorder: Coelurosauria – Clade: Maniraptor
Genus: Ornitholestes “Bird robber”
Genus pronounced: Or-nith-oh-less-tees
Species: O. hermanni (type)
Named by: Henry Fairfield Osborn – 1903
Classification: Subfamily: Ornitholestinae
Time: Jurassic (Kimmeridgian)
Locality: USA, Morrison Formation
Size: 2 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
THERIZINOSAURS
Kingdom: Animalia – Phylum: Chordata – Class: Reptilia – Clade: Dinosauria – Order: Saurischia – Suborder: Theropoda – Clade: Neotheropoda – Clade: Tetanurae – Clade: Orionides – Clade: Avetheropoda – Clade: Avetheropoda – Infraorder: Coelurosauria – Clade: Maniraptor – Superfamily: Therizinosauroidea
Genus: Falcarius “sickle cutter”
Genus pronounced: Fal-ca-ree-us
Species: F. utahensis (type)
Named by: Kirkland – 2005
Classification: Superfamily: Therizinosauroidea
Time: Cretaceous (Barremian)
Locality: USA, Utah, Cedar Mountain Formation
Size: 3.7 -4 meters long
Diet: Herbivore
Genus: Beipiaosaurus “Beipiao lizard”
Genus pronounced: Bat-pee-oh-sore-us
Species: B. inexpectus (type)
Named by: Xu, tang, Wang – 1999
Classification: Superfamily: Therizinosauroidea
Time: Cretaceous (Aptian)
Locality: China, liaoning province – Yixian Formation
Size: 2.2 meters long
Diet: Herbivore
Genus: Nothronychus “slothful claw”
Genus pronounced: Noth-ron-e-kus
Species: N. mckinleyi (type), N. graffami
Named by: J. I kirkland and D. G. Wolfe – 2001
Classification: Superfamily: Therizinosauroidea
Time: Cretaceous (Late Cenomanian to Early Turonian)
Locality: USA, New Mexico – Moreno Hill Formation, and Utah – Tropic Shale Formation
Size: 4.5 to 6 meters long
Diet: Herbivore
Genus: Nanshiungosaurus “Nanshiung lizard”
Genus pronounced: Nan-she-ung-o-sore-us
Species: N. brevispinus (type)
Named by: Z. Dong – 1979
Classification: Superfamily: Therizinosauroidea
Time: Cretaceous (Barremian to Campanian)
Locality: China - Chijinbao Formation, Nanxiong Formation, Yuanpu Formation.
Size: 5 meters long
Diet: Herbivore
Genus: Therizinosaurus “Scythe lizard”
Genus pronounced: Ther-ih-zine-oh-sore-us
Species: T. cheloniformis (type)
Named by: Evgeny Maleev – 1954
Classification: Superfamily: Therizinosauroidea
Time: Cretaceous (Campanian)
Locality: Mongolia
Size: 10 meters long
Diet: Herbivore?
Genus: Therizinosaurus “Scythe lizard”
Genus pronounced: Ther-ih-zine-oh-sore-us
Species: T. cheloniformis (type)
Named by: Evgeny Maleev – 1954
Classification: Superfamily: Therizinosauroidea
Time: Cretaceous (Campanian)
Locality: Mongolia
Size: 10 meters long
Diet: Herbivore?
OVIRAPTOROSAURS
Kingdom: Animalia – Phylum: Chordata – Class: Reptilia – Clade: Dinosauria – Order: Saurischia – Suborder: Theropoda – Clade: Neotheropoda – Clade: Tetanurae – Clade: Orionides – Clade: Avetheropoda – Clade: Avetheropoda – Infraorder: Coelurosauria – Clade: Maniraptor – Clade: Oviraptorosauria
Genus: Caudipteryx “tail feather”
Genus pronounced: Caw-dip-teh-rix
Species: C. zoui (type), C. dongi
Named by: Q. Ji, P. J. Currie, M. A. Norrel & S. Ji - 1998
Classification: Family: Caudipteridae
Time: Cretaceous (Aptian)
Locality: China, Liaoning Province – Yixian Formation
Size: 1 meters long
Diet: Omnivore?
Genus: Citipati “Funeral Pyre Lord”
Genus pronounced: Sih-tee-pah-tee
Species: C. osmolskae (type)
Named by: Rinchen Barsbold, James M. Clark & Mark Norell - 2001
Classification: Family: Oviraptoridae
Time: Cretaceous
Locality: Mongolia – Djadochta Formation
Size: 2.9 to 3 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Gigantoraptor “Giant thief”
Genus pronounced: Gee-gan-to-rap-tor
Species: G. erlianensis (type)
Named by: Xu Xing, Tan Qingwei, Wang Jianmin, Zhao Xijin, Tan Lin - 2007
Classification: Family: Oviraptoridae
Time: Cretaceous (Campanian)
Locality: Mongolia – Iren Dabasu Formation
Size: 8 meters long
Diet: Omnivore?
Genus: Oviraptor “egg thief”
Genus pronounced: Oh-vee-rap-tor
Species: O. philoceratops (type)
Named by: Henry Fairfield Osborn – 1924
Classification: Family: Oviraptoridae – Subfamily: Oviraptorinae
Time: Cretaceous (Campanian)
Locality: Mongolia – Djadochta Formation
Size: 2 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Anzu “named after mythical creature that appears in Sumerian and Akkadian mythology“
Genus pronounced: An-zoo
Species: A. wyliei (type)
Named by: M. C. Lamanna, H. D. Sues, E. R. Schachner & T. R. Lyson - 2014
Classiification: Family: Caenagnathidae – Subfamily: Caenagnathinae
Time: Cretaceous (Late Maastrichtian)
Locality: USA, Montana, North Dakota and South Dakota (all Hell Creek Formation)
Size: 1.5 meters long
Diet: Omnivore?
DROMAEOSAURS
“raptors”
Kingdom: Animalia – Phylum: Chordata – Class: Reptilia – Clade: Dinosauria – Order: Saurischia – Suborder: Theropoda – Clade: Neotheropoda – Clade: Tetanurae – Clade: Orionides – Clade: Avetheropoda – Clade: Avetheropoda – Infraorder: Coelurosauria – Clade: Maniraptor – Family: Dromaeosauridae
Genus: Hesperonychus “western claw”
Genus pronounced: Hes-per-non-i-kus
Species: H. elizabethae (type)
Named by:
Classification: Clade: Microraptoria
Time: Cretaceous (Campanian)
Locality: Dinosaur Park Formation, Alberta, Canada
Size: 1 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Microraptor “small thief”
Genus pronounced: My-crow-rap-tor
Species: M. zhaoianus (type), M. gui, M. hanqingi
Named by: Xu Xing et all – 2000
Classification: Clade: Microraptoria
Time: Cretaceous (Aptian)
Locality: China, Liaoning Province
Size: 1 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Microraptor “small thief”
Genus pronounced: My-crow-rap-tor
Species: M. zhaoianus (type), M. gui, M. hanqingi
Named by: Xu Xing et all – 2000
Classification: Clade: Microraptoria
Time: Cretaceous (Aptian)
Locality: China, Liaoning Province
Size: 1 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Velociraptor “swift thief”
Genus pronounced: Vell-oss-e-rap-tor
Species: Jurassic Park Velociraptor
Named by: Henry Fairfield Osborn – 1924
Classification: Family: Dromaeosauridae
Time: Holocene
Locality: Isla Nublar, Coasta Rica
Size: 3 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Velociraptor “swift thief”
Genus pronounced: Vell-oss-e-rap-tor
Species: V. mongoliensis, V. osmolskae
Named by: Henry Fairfield Osborn – 1924
Classification: Family: Dromaeosauridae
Time: Cretaceous (Campanian)
Locality: Mongolia, Barun Goyot Formation, Djadochta Formation
Size: 2 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Deinonychus “terrible claw”
Genus pronounced: Die-non-e-cus
Species: D. antirrhopus
Named by: Ostrom – 1969
Classification: Family: Dromaeosauridae
Time: Cretaceous (Aptian to Albian)
Locality: USA, Antlers Formation and Cloverly Formation
Size: 3.4 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Utahraptor “Utah’s hunter”
Genus pronounced: You-tah-rap-tor
Species: U. ostrommaysorum
Named by: James Kirkland, Robert Gaston, & Donald Burge – 1993
Classification: Family: Dromaeosauridae – Clade: Eudromaeosauria
Time: Cretaceous (Barremian)
Locality: USA, Utah
Size: 7 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Saurornitholestes “lizard bird thief”
Genus pronounced: Sore-or-nith-o-les-teez
Species: S. langstoni (type), S. robustus, S. sullivani.
Named by: Hans-Dieter Sues - 1978.
Classification: Family: Dromaeosauridae – Clade: Eudromaeosauria
Time: Cretaceous (Campanian)
Locality: Canada, Alberta - Dinosaur Park Formation, Oldman Formation. USA, Montana - Two Medicine Formation, New Mexico - Kirtland Formation
Size: 1.8 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Size: 1.8 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Pyroraptor “fire thief”
Genus pronounced: Pie-roe-rap-tor
Species: P. olympius (type
Named by: Allain & Taquet - 2000
Classification: Family: Dromaeosauridae
Time: Cretaceous (Late Campanian/Early Maastrichtian)
Locality: France, Provence
Size:Uncertain due to incomplete remains
Diet: Carnivore
Genus: Atrociraptor “Cruel thief”
Genus pronounced: Ah-tross-e-rap-tor
Species: A. marshalli (type)
Named by: Philip Currie & David Varricchio - 2004
Classification: Family: Dromaeosauridae – Clade: Eudromaeosauria – Subfamily: Saurornitholestinae
Time: Cretaceous (Maastrichtian )
Locality: Canada, Alberta - Horseshoe Canyon Formation
Size:Uncertain due to low amount of fossil remains
Diet: Carnivore
TROODONTS
Kingdom: Animalia – Phylum: Chordata – Class: Reptilia – Clade: Dinosauria – Order: Saurischia – Suborder: Theropoda – Clade: Neotheropoda – Clade: Tetanurae – Clade: Orionides – Clade: Avetheropoda – Clade: Avetheropoda – Infraorder: Coelurosauria – Clade: Maniraptor – Family: Troodontidae
Genus: Troodon “wounding tooth”
Genus pronounced: Tru-don
Species: T. formosus (type)
Named by: Joseph Leidy – 1856
Classification: Tribe: Troodontinae
Time: Cretaceous (Campanian)
Locality: USA, Montana – Judith Formation
Size: 1.8 meters long
Diet: Carnivore
ALVAREZSAURS
Kingdom: Animalia – Phylum: Chordata – Class: Reptilia – Clade: Dinosauria – Order: Saurischia – Suborder: Theropoda – Clade: Neotheropoda – Clade: Tetanurae – Clade: Orionides – Clade: Avetheropoda – Clade: Avetheropoda – Infraorder: Coelurosauria – Clade: Maniraptor – Family: Alvarezsauridae
Genus: Mononykus “one claw”
Genus pronounced: Mo-non-e-kus
Species: M. olecranus (type)
Named by: A. Perle, M. A. Norell, L. M. Chiappe & J. M. Clark - 1993
Classification: Tribe: Mononykini
Time: Cretaceous (Campanian)
Locality: Mongolia – Nemegt Formation
Size: 1 meter long
Diet: Insectivore?
AVES
“avian dinosaurs”
Kingdom: Animalia – Phylum: Chordata – Class: Aves
Genus: Archaeopteryx “Ancient wing”
Genus pronounced: Ar-kay-op-teh-rix
Species: A. lithographica (type), A. albersdoerferi
Named by: Christian Erich Hermann von Meyer - 1861
Classification: Family: Archaeopterygidae
Time: Jurassic (Tithonian)
Locality: Germany
Size: 50 centimeters long
Diet: Carnivore/Insectivore
Genus: Archaeopteryx “Ancient wing”
Genus pronounced: Ar-kay-op-teh-rix
Species: A. lithographica (type), A. albersdoerferi
Named by: Christian Erich Hermann von Meyer - 1861
Classification: Family: Archaeopterygidae
Time: Jurassic (Tithonian)
Locality: Germany
Size: 50 centimeters long
Diet: Carnivore/Insectivore
